Explanation

(a) A Market Union is the coming together of various traders who sell similar commodities or products in a particular market to advance and protect the interests its members.

(b) Functions of Market Facilitators;

• They give loans to market union members.
• They Provide overdraft to channel members.
• They accept deposits from channel members.
• They provide warehousing facilities for goods.
• They move goods from one place to another.
• They render Security services to market operators,
• They insure goods and services against business risk
• They advertise goods for producers,
• They provide means of communication between buyers and sellers.
• They provide advisory and consultancy services.

(c) Roles of Garri Sellers Union:

• They settle disputes among members,
• They help to promote unity among members.
• They encourage joint purchase of products among members to enjoy economics of scale,
• They disseminate useful information in the market to their members.
• They offer financial assistance to members in the form of loans and grants.
• They educate their member, on appropriate selling techniques.
• They present a common front in their negotiations with government and other organized institutions.
• They mobilize financial contributions and collections among members on weekly and monthly basis.

Correct Answer: C. facilitates the distribution of goods

Correct Answer: D. Exchange

Correct Answer: A. Market union.

Correct Answer: D. billboard

Correct Answer: A. Licensing

Correct Answer: C. post-purchase behaviour

Explanation

The last stage in the buying decision process is the post-purchase behavior. After making the purchase decision, consumers engage in post-purchase behavior, which involves evaluating their purchase and deciding whether they are satisfied or dissatisfied with the product or service. This evaluation is based on factors such as performance, quality, value for money, and how well the product or service meets their needs and expectations. The post-purchase behavior can influence future buying decisions and customer loyalty.

Correct Answer: A. faster in transporting goods for long distance

Explanation

Air transport is preferred to other modes because it is faster in transporting goods for long distances. Air transportation offers rapid delivery times, especially for long distances, due to its high speed compared to other modes of transportation such as sea or land. Airplanes can cover large distances in a relatively short amount of time, making it ideal for time-sensitive shipments or perishable goods that require quick delivery. While air transport may not always be the most cost-effective option compared to other modes, its speed and efficiency make it highly desirable for time-critical shipments or when the priority is on fast delivery.

Correct Answer: D. Distribution activities

Explanation

(a) IMPORTANCE OF MIDDLEMEN,

(i) Middlemen help to gather the products of many producers and sell-to the final consumers.

(ii) They help to sort products into various groups in terms of quantity, type and size,

(iii) Middlemen buy in large quantities and sell in small quantities to the consumers,

(iv) The middlemen can can repackage broken bulk into smaller units for the convenience of customers.

(v) Middlemen help the producers in selling their products.

(vi) They provide warehouse facilities to the producers.

(vii) Middlemen provide financial assistance to the producers and sometimes sell on credit to consumers,

(viii) Middlemen serve as link between producers and consumers,

(ix) Middlemen buy products and transport them closer to the customers.

(x) They provide information to both the producers and consumers.

(xi) They help in product promotion.

(b) FACTORS DETERMINING CHANNELS OF DISTRIBUTION,

(i) The nature of the product, that is the size, weight and perishability of a product determine the choice of a channel.

(ii) The type and characteristics of consumers - A producer with large market size tends to use middlemen", reach the consumers. If the market is concentrated in a particular geographic area, the producer uses direct channel but if the consumers are disperse the producer uses indirect channel.

(iii) Competition -The choice of a channel may determined by competitive considerations Such as the need to reach the same market serviced by competitors or rivals,

(iv) Availability of Middlemen -The availability of able and: willing resellers especially with respect to the kind of product and the types of functions needed by the producer also an influencing factor.

(v) Desired level of channel control - To check unethical practices of middlemen and to have control over information gathering, retail advertising. store display and prices, a company may choose to have few a middlemen and a short channel as possible

(vi) Marketing Environmental characteristics - environmental factors such as economic, Social socio-cultural, political, technological. etc determine choice of channel to be used.