Suppose a mutation in an organism's genome produces a malformed version of tRNA synthetase. This...
BIOLOGY
SAT 2021
Suppose a mutation in an organism's genome produces a malformed version of tRNA synthetase. This malformed version of the enzyme is completely non-functional. What would be the direct effect on the cell producing non-functional tRNA synthetase?
- A. DNA transcription would not be able to proceed.
- B. Amino acids would not bind to tRNA molecules.
- C. The tRNA reserves in the cell would eventually be depleted.
- D. tRNA molecules would not recognize ribosomal binding sites.
Correct Answer: B. Amino acids would not bind to tRNA molecules.
Explanation
tRNA synthetase plays a vital role in translation, but not transcription. tRNA synthetase is the enzyme that binds specific amino acids to corresponding tRNA molecules, and then the tRNA molecules transport the amino acids to the ribosome to create a polypeptide. tRNA molecules are not consumed in this process, and tRNA reserves will not be depleted if tRNA synthetase were non-functional.
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