Correct Answer: D. arms of government

Explanation

Reasons why accountability should be the watchword of public servants;

(i)Trust: this is very important to a public servant because it makes the public to trust them and vote for them in subseol.fent election or appointment. Besides, the public servant is holding the post he is entrusted with in trust on behalf of the public and so he is accountable to them.

(ii)Reputation: the reputation of every public servant is at state. For the public servant to maintain or keep his reputation, he must be accountable to the people.

(iii) Every public servant takes the oath of allegiance before assuming public office, therefore they have to be accountable to show or prove that they actually served in obedience to oath taken.

(iv)To win the public: when are elected public servant is accountable he is able to win the heart of the people. Being accountable helps to show case what he has done or is doing and what he intends to do.

(v)Transparency: Accountability makes the public servant transparent and avoid issues of fraud or fraudulent practices. It shows how fair and just he has used the people's resources.

Correct Answer: A. his action constitutes bad influence

Correct Answer: D. Stunted development

Correct Answer: D. government

Correct Answer: C. National Drug Law Enforcement Agency (NDLEA)

Explanation

(a) Reasons students join cults:

(I) Family background: Parents who are members of other secret cult groups encourage their children to seek out cults and anyone they fancy

(ii) Support from school staff

(iii) Unemployment and the promise of future employment

(iv) Exposure to violence and crime-related films.

(v)Injustice: Many people from their own cult groups because they seek avenue to protest injustice in society

(vi)Insecurity: Some students belong to cult groups due to harassment, threats and intimidation from members who try to recruit new members and challenge rival groups.

(vii)Peer pressure: Some people have friends who are cult members.

(viii)Lack of self confidence: People who have lacked affection and have unfulfilled desires may join cults to secure affection and strong support and approval from members.

(ix)Curiosity: A lot of information has been spread out about cults and some people become cult members in order to find out if the things they have heard are true.

(x)Misconception: The older members of cults give prospective members the impression that upon joining cult, they would be given undue advantage over all other students.

(b) government policies on cultism:

(I)Those arrested would be changed to court, and if found guilty, sentenced to jail terms.

(ii) Any student found to belong to a cult group would be expelled from school

(iii) Fresh intakes are made to sign a matriculation oath, pledging not to belong to secret cults and to be of good behaviour

(iv) Enacting laws proscribing cultism and other secret societies.

(v) Public enlightenment campaign against cultism

Explanation

(a) Explanation of Political apathy

- Political apathy is the lack of interest in political programmes of a country due to one reason or the other. The cold feet Nigerians often develop during elections which makes them not to go out to vote could be regarded as political apathy

- Political apathy is the feeling of not being interested in political programmes and activities by the people of a country.

- It also means lack of enthusiasm or concern for political activities by the people.

(b) Consequences of political apathy

i. The best candidates may not win the elections as money bags may influence the few remaining voters to vote in their favour for a fee

ii. The quality of living goes down. The politicians that get elected resort to doing their personal bidding rather than what will benefit the public

iii. Political apathy leads to problem of legitimacy from those in power

iv. The candidate elected will not be bound to do well since he knows he can always engage in rigging for re-election

v. It allows the wrong set of voters to come into power

vi. Corruption will set in when dishonourable people fill the vacuum created by the absence of credible citizens.

(c) Ways through which political apathy can be discouraged;

i. Knowing and defending our right ii. Defending the fundamental human rights to citizens

iii. By including civic values

iv. By fulfillment of political promises and manifestos v. Joining popular organizations

vi. Registering and getting a voter's card

vii. Making leaders accountable to people who elected them

viii. Reading political literatures and watching political documentaries of great leaders such as Dr Martin Luther King (Jnr), Chief Obafemi Awolowo, Dr Nnamdi Azikiwe, Alhaji Tafawa Balewa etc

ix. Participation in election: Voting and defending your votes by saying 'no' to electoral malpractice.

x. By setting up corrupt-free electoral body that will act as an impartial umpire in the electoral process

Correct Answer: B. are born free and equal

Correct Answer: C. their actions can also affect innocent candidates