Correct Answer: B. Hermit crab and Sea anemone

Correct Answer: D. excretion

Correct Answer: A. 4/16

Explanation

Since the offspring receives one allele from each parent, crossing a purebred dominant organism with a purebred recessive organism (PPQQ x ppqq) will always result in a hybridized offspring (PpQq). Thus, Flower 1's genotype is PpQq. Also remember that a recessive phenotype always indicates double recessive alleles for that trait. And so, crossing Flower 1 with a white, short-stemmed flower will result in the cross PpQq x ppqq. The next step is to draw a 4x4 Punnett square, as seen in the diagram. The desired genotype for this question is ppqq (recessive phenotype), and from the Punnett square you will be able to see that 4/16 of the squares will carry this specific genotype.

Correct Answer: A. ileum --> caecum ->large intestine -> rectum

Explanation

(a)(i) Characteristic of Living organisms:

- Movement/locomotion

- Excretion

- Respiration

- Reproduction

- Irritability/sensitivity/response

- Growth/development

- Nutrition/feeding

- Competition

- Adaptation

- Life span/death

(ii)Movement: Living things change the position of the whole body/parts of the body; from one place to another; in search of food/shelter/mates, etc.

Excretion: This involves the removal/getting rid of waste products of cell metabolism; membole wastes are poisonous if allowed to accumulate.

RespirationThis is the breakdown/burning of food substances; by aerobic/anaerobic respiration; to release energy needed for all processes of life.

Reproduction: This is the ability of living organisms to produce new individuals of their own kind; this ensures the continuity of the species of an organism.

Irritability: Response/ reaction of organisms; towards changes in the environment; to ensure survival. Nutrition: the process involved in obtaining/manufacturing food; can be autotrophic/heterotrophic; and utilizing it for growth and maintenance/life processes.

Growth: This is the irreversible increase; in size and weight of an organism; which leads to complexity and maturation.

Competition: Ability of organisms to struggle; for all necessity of life; to survive in their environment.

Adaptation: Ability of organisms to adjust; to changes in environment; for survival.

Life span/death:All living organisms have definite period of existence; all organisms die.

b Differences between plants and animals;

(c)(i) Name of organism:

Euglena/Chlamydomonas.

(ii) Animal features: For Euglena

— Gullet for feeding.

— Has flagellum for locomotion in water.

— Myonemes for movement.

— Has pellicle that gives it a definite shape.

— Has eye spot to detect light intensity.

— Has contractile vacuole for osmoregulation and excretion.

Plant features:

- Definite shape.

— Has chioroplasts containing chlorophyll used to absorb light.

— Paramylum granules.

— Pyrenoid.

Correct Answer: A. destroys organic components of the soil

Correct Answer: A. 16.7%

Correct Answer: A) 75%

Explanation

This question is asking about the probability of a man and his wife who both have the sickle cell trait having offspring that are either carriers or sicklers. Sickle cell trait is a genetic condition where a person has one normal hemoglobin gene and one abnormal hemoglobin gene. If a person inherits two abnormal hemoglobin genes, they will have sickle cell disease. Since both parents are heterozygous, it means they have one normal hemoglobin gene and one abnormal hemoglobin gene. When they have offspring, each parent will randomly pass on one of their genes to their child. Using a Punnett square, we can determine the probability of their offspring inheriting the sickle cell trait. In this case, the Punnett square would have the letters S and s representing the normal and abnormal hemoglobin genes, respectively. The possible combinations of genes in their offspring are SS, Ss, and ss. The probability of having an offspring with the sickle cell trait (Ss) is 50%. This is because there are two possible ways to get the Ss genotype: either the child receives the S gene from the father and the s gene from the mother, or the child receives the s gene from the father and the S gene from the mother. The probability of having an offspring with sickle cell disease (ss) is 25%. This is because the child must inherit the s gene from both parents. Therefore, the likely percentage of their offspring that will either be carriers or sicklers is 50% + 25% = 75%. This makes option A the correct answer. It's important to note that this question is based on Mendelian genetics, which is the study of how traits are inherited from parents to offspring. It is also important to know about genetic counseling and testing for sickle cell disease, especially for couples who are both carriers.

Correct Answer: C. be formed less frequently

Correct Answer: C. chordate