Correct Answer: C) leaf

Explanation

In Biology, excretion is the process of removing waste products from the body. The waste products can be in the form of gases, liquids, or solids. The question is asking which of the following is not an excretory organ. The options are lungs, kidney, leaf, and large intestine. The lungs are responsible for excreting carbon dioxide, which is a waste product produced during respiration. The kidney excretes urine, which is a waste product produced from filtering the blood. The large intestine excretes feces, which is a waste product formed from the remaining indigestible food and bacteria. The correct answer to the question is option C, leaf. Leaves are not considered excretory organs because they do not remove waste products from the body. Instead, leaves are responsible for photosynthesis, which is the process of converting light energy into chemical energy in the form of glucose. In summary, the correct answer to the question is option C, leaf, because leaves are not excretory organs. The lungs, kidney, and large intestine are all excretory organs responsible for removing waste products from the body.

Correct Answer: B. mutation

Explanation

(a) A habitat is a type of environment/a place/an area, in which plants and animals/organisms live or an area/place/ environment; occupied by a biotic community/organisms

(b) Energy flow in freshwater habitat is as follows:

(i) energy from sun/radiant energy/solar energy is received.

(ii) It is then absorbed/trapped by green plants/algae/ phytoplanking (of fresh water/pond/stream/river etc)

(iii) This is used in photosynthesis/to synthesize/manufacture organic substances

(iv) Zooplankion/fish/animals of the pond would now depend or feed on the green plants for food

(v) The feeding is direct if they are herbivores as the plants are eaten by herbivores (vi) The feeding is indirect if they are carnivores as herbivores are eaten by carnivores

(vii) when plants or animals/organisms die or when animals discharge their droppings/wastes, they are decomposed via the action of saprophytes/fungi/bacteria decomposers/ micro-organisms

(viii) By sodaing, energy is lost

(c)(i) Biotic Factors;

(a) plants/producers

(b) animals/consumers

(c) parasites

(d) decomposers/saprophytes/micro-organisms

(e) predators

(ii) Abiotic Factors;

(a) temperature

(b) sunlight/light

(c) wind

(d) inorganic compounds

(e) turbidity/suspended particles/transparency

(f) topography

(g) dissolved oxygen

(h) pH/dissolved CO2 (i) water currents/currents (i) rainfall/precipitation

Correct Answer: C. absence of wings, possession of strong mandibles and a large head

Correct Answer: B. The electron transport chain is found on the inside of the inner mitochondrial membrane.

Explanation

The electron transport chain is found on the inside of the inner mitochondrial membrane. It is not used to transport proteins; instead, it generates ATP to be used as an energy source by the cell. The electron transport chain is found in plants and animals (though the one found in plants operates very differently than the one found in animals). Oxygen is the final electron acceptor, not glucose.

Correct Answer: A. Prothorax bears only legs

Correct Answer: D. closed

Correct Answer: D. F1 flies all normal-winged and three-quarters of F2 flies are normal-winged

Explanation

(a)

(b) Biological Basis of Preserving Foods by;

(i) Salting; Removes water/moisture from food by osmosis therefore prevents micro-organisms from growing on food by dehydrating and killing them.

(ii) Irradation; Involves the exposure of food to high energy gamma rays/x-rays radiation to destroy enzymes that cause spoilage, delay ripening of fruits, sprouting of vegetables therefore allowing long storage periods.

(iii) Smoking; Reduces the water content of food thereby creating unfavourable conditions for microbial growth and survival also called curing. Smoking contains phenols/carbon that kills microbes on the surface of food.

Correct Answer: B. Histone acetylation

Explanation

Histone acetylation is the process of adding acetyl groups to positively charged lysine groups of histones. This process loosens the histone which allows for an easier initiation of transcription, which will lead to greater gene expression. DNA methylation does the opposite by adding methyl groups to DNA and lowering the rate of transcription. Alternative RNA splicing deals with RNA having certain introns and exons spliced out in a manner that produces different strands of mRNA from the same template strand of RNA. Addition of 5