Correct Answer: B) Sister chromatids separate during anaphase

Explanation

The question is asking about the similarities between Meiosis II and mitosis. Meiosis II occurs after Meiosis I and is the second part of the process of creating haploid cells for sexual reproduction. Mitosis is the process of cell division that creates two identical diploid cells. The question is asking which of the options is similar between Meiosis II and mitosis. Option A is incorrect because homologous chromosomes do not synapse in Meiosis II or mitosis. Option B is the correct answer because in both Meiosis II and mitosis, sister chromatids separate during anaphase. Option C is incorrect because while the chromosome number is reduced in Meiosis I, it remains the same in Meiosis II and mitosis. Option D is incorrect because the daughter cells in Meiosis II are haploid while the daughter cells in mitosis are diploid. It is important to understand the differences between Meiosis II and mitosis. Meiosis II is the second part of meiosis, which is the process of creating haploid cells for sexual reproduction. Mitosis, on the other hand, is the process of cell division that creates two identical diploid cells for growth and repair. Meiosis II is similar to mitosis in that sister chromatids separate during anaphase, but they differ in their end results.

Correct Answer: A. cerebellum

Explanation

(a) Main stages of mitotic division:

Prophase-

• Chromosomes appear as two threads/chromatids
• chromatids are long thin and/later become shorter and thicker; and joined together at the centromere; the nuclear memberane; and the nucleolus disappear
• spindle fibres form in the cytoplasm; with a pair of centrioles; one at each pole.

Metaphase:

• spindle formation is completed
• the chromosomes are arranged at the equator of the spindle
• attached by their centromeres; centromeres divide; and begin to move apart. Anaphase
• The paired chromatids are pulled apart/separated
• migrate/move towards opposite poles
• spindle fibres shorten; chromatids reach the poles.

Telophase -

• Fibres disappear, nuclear materials and nucleolus are formed
• bounded by nuclear membrane
• the cell constricts
• to form two daughter cells.

(b) Importance of mitosis:

• Promotes cell growth
• replacement/repair of damaged tissues
• basis of asexual/ vegetative reproduction
• produces genetically identical offspring
• which are identical to the parents
• maintains the diploid number of the chromosome of the cell.

Correct Answer: D. 60%

Correct Answer: D. A, O, A

Correct Answer: B) helps in softening

Explanation

The question is asking which of the following is not a function of the tongue. There are five options to choose from, and we have to select the one that is not a function of the tongue. Option A states that the tongue functions as an organ of taste. This is correct as the tongue is responsible for detecting different tastes. Option B states that the tongue helps in softening. This is incorrect as the tongue does not have any role in softening food. Option C states that the tongue helps during chewing of food. This is correct as the tongue helps to move the food around the mouth while chewing. Option D states that the tongue helps in swallowing of food. This is correct as the tongue pushes the food towards the throat during swallowing. Option E states that the tongue is essential in speech. This is correct as the tongue helps in the formation of different sounds while speaking. Therefore, the answer to the question is Option B: helps in softening. The tongue does not have any role in softening food. It is important to note that the tongue is a very important organ in our body, and it has many functions apart from those mentioned in the options. It helps to keep our mouth clean, it is involved in the immune response of the body, and it also plays a role in maintaining our sense of balance.

Correct Answer: C. Cell

Correct Answer: D. Hibernation

Correct Answer: D. intensive cropping

Explanation

Classification of Living things: Is the sorting/ grouping/arranging of living things (in groups); according to their common/similar characteristics/features/shared qualities.

(ii) The scientist who developed the Binomial system of classification: Carl/Carolus Linnaeus/Linnaeous

(iii) Reasons for classification of living things

• To put every lying organism into a systematic order/ specific group
• for easy identification of similar living things
• to indicate/Show the relationships between different categories of living organisms
• to show evolutionary trends in different groups of living organisms
• to trace geographical distribution of living organisms
• for easy reference
• for easy research/study.

(iv) Classification of ranks in order of hierarchy

Kingdom

Phylum/Division

Cass Order

Family

Genus

Species.

Features of Viruses as (i) living things (ii) nonliving things

(i) Living things

• has protoplasm/protein coat/membrane
• contain DNA/RNA/Nucleic acid

(ii) Non-living things

• appear as crystals
• lack of organelles

(c) Viral diseases of:

(i) Plants:

• Cassava mosaic disease
• Bean mosaic diseases
• cacao swollen shoot disease
• Groundnut rosette
• maize streak
• cucumber mosaic
• any correctly named disease.

(ii) Humans;

• poliomyelitis/polio
• chicken pox
• mumps
• measles
• influenza/flu
• AIDS
• Ebola disease
• infective hepatitis
• Lassa fever
• Avian influenza (Bird flu)
• Swine flu (Bovine flu)
• Rabies
• Zika
• any correctly named disease.