Which of the following is an example of founder effect?
BIOLOGY
SAT 2021
Which of the following is an example of founder effect?
- A. A dog breeder decides she only wants to sell dalmatians that weigh more than 45 pounds, so she only allows males and females above this weight to breed.
- B. A small number of humans form an isolated colony on a deserted island.
- C. A fatal mutation appears in a population of Sumatran tigers.
- D. A new predator is introduced into the ecosystem.
Correct Answer: B. A small number of humans form an isolated colony on a deserted island.
Explanation
The founder effect is when genetic variability is lost due to a small number of individuals from a larger population forming a new population. The smaller population only breeds with each other and is not genetically representative of the larger group from which it was founded. Thus, the humans on a deserted island are an example of this. The hurricane might be an example of a population bottle neck and the breeder might be causing a population bottleneck by only breeding certain dogs, but the humans are a better example of the deliberate formation of a new breeding population.
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