The following pair of ions is involved in transmission of impulses by neurons:

Explanation

Neurons are cells in the nervous system responsible for transmitting information throughout the body. The question is asking which pair of ions is involved in the transmission of impulses by neurons. Impulses are electrical signals that are transmitted along neurons to communicate information. The correct answer is option A: K and Na ions. These two ions are involved in the process of action potential, which is the electrical signal that travels along a neuron. When an electrical signal reaches the end of a neuron, it triggers the release of neurotransmitters, which are chemicals that communicate with the next neuron in the pathway. K and Na ions are important in this process because they are responsible for the changes in electrical charge that occur in the neuron during transmission. When a neuron is at rest, the inside of the cell is negatively charged compared to the outside. When a signal is received, Na ions rush into the cell, causing it to become positively charged. This change in charge triggers the release of K ions, which then flow out of the cell to restore the negative charge. This process of ion flow creates the electrical signal that travels along the neuron. Option B, Na and Mg ions, are not involved in the transmission of impulses by neurons. Option C, K and Cl ions, are involved in the maintenance of the resting potential of a neuron but not in the transmission of impulses. Option D, K and Ca ions, are involved in the release of neurotransmitters but not in the transmission of impulses. In summary, K and Na ions are involved in the transmission of impulses by neurons, playing a crucial role in the action potential that allows information to be transmitted along neurons.