Correct Answer: B. repetition

Explanation

The Leader and the Led by Professor Niyi Osundare is an allegorical poem that avers the kind of leadership in Africa and what leadership ought to be. The poem establishes the cat and mice relationship that exists between African leaders and their followers.

The poet's African origin and the siting of the tropics as the meeting place of the animals unmistakably point Africa as the point of reference in the poem. The poet no doubt addresses the eyesore of leadership deficiency Africa as a continent is plagued with. Osundare first addresses the issues of bad leadership, leadership ineptitude, and gross misgovernance which have become the rallying cries for many short-changed African followers. The poet, as he does, examines the kind of relationship that exists between African leaders and their followers. He then typifies the type of leadership peculiar to African countries since their purported independence from European colonialists.

The poet uses the attributes, bodily features and predatory ability of some of the contending animals as proofs of the leadership inadequacies Africa is beset with. In the lion and the hyena, Osundare shows African leaders as exploiters and oppressors. With their powers, they exploit Africa and its citizenry of resources and oppress the people they are supposed to lead. This makes them ideal replacements of their equally exploiting colonial masters. In the the typical ways of the lion and the hyena, these leaders endanger the lives of those whom they have sworn to protect. In the lion, the poet uses the ferocious pounce of his paws on antelopes as an analogy of the deliberate and calculated oppression of the citizenry by the machinery of the state. The poet also portrays the elitism of African leaders typified by the farness of the giraffe's eyes from the ground. African leaders are only close to the people before assuming power or when they are seeking for votes into elective posts. Once they assume power, they distance themselves from the masses. In the zebra, the poet references the dubiousness and deceptiveness of African leaders. Using the duplicity of his stripes as a focal point, the poet posits that African leaders can not be trusted to do anything right or taken for what they say or on the face value because behind their sugar-coated lies are several ulterior motives. Like the pack of animals, the people are justifiably suspicious of their leaders' duplicity.

No doubt, Niyi Osundare's The Leader and the Led has done justice in its depiction of the type of leadership in Africa. The poem figuratively describes African leaders as ferocious, lethal in appetite, duplicitous, greedy, riotous and trampling. The poem, however, offers insights on what ideal leadership is. It says ideal leadership embodies transparency, compassion, humility, legitimacy, the will to govern, the readiness to listen to the followers, and a balance between ideas on the opposite sides of the fringe.

Explanation

The poet presents an image of a world before colonialism which brought great devastation. The dominant image is that of commerce: "We had traded in this market competitively perfect", suggesting peace.

The picture changes dramatically, however, when colonization sets in to disrupt the erstwhile peaceful co-existence. The metaphor of "cut our ribs, dried our cows" and "burst the cowshed" presents a picture of devastation affecting agriculture and the economy which have been the bulwark of the people's prosperity. The very natural environment is not spared by the reference to words like "drought" and "famine". The blackman's confidence is thus crowded as he is cut off from his means of livelihood.

After presenting such a grim picture of life after colonialism the poet enters into a state of personal lamentation. This is captured by the hyperbole in "my tears flowed to flooded streams", while the allusion to Sodom and Gomorrah presages the complete penury into which the poet has sunk. The image of the debtors and creditors at "my rusty door" is poignant. He has become the laughing stock of others as what is left of his miserable possessions is auctioned. The devastation brought in by colonialism is total and the poet's own life becomes a veritable testament.

Correct Answer: A. party at the Capulets'

Explanation

Duke of Norfolk's character art revealed by her relationship with More. The Duke of Norfolk (Thomas Howard) has been a staunch and sympathetic friend of More's for many years. He visits More at the opening of the play where Rich is introduced to him by chance as an applicant. He eventually finds Rich employment in an effort to please More.

Their friendship becomes strained on the matter of the king's divorce bid and subsequent re-marriage to Anne Boleyn, Norfolk's niece. The Duke contends that More's opposition to the bid is mere theory and absurd. This proves :hat he is a man of principles. He so well understands More that he can predict his movements.

He never wavers in his love and sympathy for More despite their differences on the king's issue. He shows more :oncern for More when he resigns the chancellorship on the firm belief that the action of the king does not lead to a reformation but to war against the church.

After Cromwell's interrogation of More at Hamption Court, the Duke speaks repeatedly in More's defence urging him to for think and repent of his obstinate opinions. It is only when Cromwell speaks threateningly of the king's wishes that the Duke appears to acquiesce in the matter of More's persecution. Again, this shows that he, Duke, takes their friendship seriously.

The Duke again after More's interrogation advises him to accede to the king's wishes.

In fury More insults the Duke but the Duke still manages to show considerable patience before finally losing his temper. At the Seventh Court Commission hearing the Duke and Cromwell almost quarrel openly at the manner in which. Cromwell is questioning the accused man.

During More's trial for high treason, the Duke appears more considerate and restrained than Cromwell. He re-states that More's life is in his own hands as it has always been hoping and pleading that More should shift ground but to no avail.

It is logical from the above to conclude that the Duke's relationship with More is sustained to the end. Ironically, he has the unfortunate responsibility of presiding over More's trial for high treason and pronouncing the death sentence.

Correct Answer: B. a sea captain, friend to Viola

Correct Answer: B. the uncertainty of the future

Correct Answer: C. 3rd person

Explanation

In third-person point of view, the author is narrating a story about the characters, referring to them by name, or using the third-person pronouns he, she, and they. A third-person narrator can be all-knowing (aware of every character's thoughts and feelings) or limited (focused on a single character, or aware only what certain characters say and do).

Correct Answer: D. Duke of Saxony's nephew

Correct Answer: A. take power for himself