Correct Answer: B. climatic change

Correct Answer: B. There are more job opportunities in the cities

Correct Answer: A. Age

Explanation

(a) Winds:Warm winds raise the temperature of adjacent coastlands, e.g the westerlies bring warm air into Western Europe. Cold winds lower the temperature of adjacent coastlands e.g cold polar winds lower the temperature of the coasts of Newfoundland. Warm, moist winds from the ocean bring rainfall to the adjacent coastland, e.g S.W Monsoon in West Africa. Dry winds from the interior do not produce rain rather they produce dust and dryness, e.g Northeast trade wind brings no rain but dust and dryness to the coastal lands of West Africa. Off shore winds blowing from the interior to the coast produce fogs at the coast, e.g fog formation along the Namibian coast.

(b) Ocean Current: Cold currents lower the temperature of adjacent coastlands e.g the Benguella current, currents help in

the formation of foes along the coast e.g cold Benguela and Canaries current. Warm currents raise temperature of the adjacent coastlands e.g warm Guinea and warm Mozambican currents. Cold currents result in the formation of coastal deserts e.g Kalahari desert because of cold Benguela current, Sahara desert bec use of cold canaries current

(c) Distance from the sea:Generally the further inland from the sea the less rainfall, e.g Freetown on the coast and Timbuktu inland. Smaller range of temperature along the coast than inland e.g Calabar (less than 30°C) and Agades (more than 15°C) Higher humidity along the coast than further inland generally (one town along the coast and any town inland). Thicker cloud cover along the coast than inland.

Correct Answer: D. None of the above

Explanation

(b) Three reasons for the length of rainy season in the area having less than four months or rain annually.

(i) Long distance from the ocean. The area is too far from the ocean

(ii) Nearness to the desert. The area is very close to the sahara desert, hence it experiences low rainfall.

(iii) Effects of trade winds. The N. E trade winds tend to have more influence on the area than the S.E trade winds.

(c) Three problems due tc continuous rainfall all the year round are:

(i) Soil erosion: Too much rain results in soil erosion

(ii)Leaching: Too much rain leads to loss of nutrients from the surface of the soil

(iii) Poor yield of crops due to either damage to the crop or lack of sufficient sunshine to produce fruits.

Correct Answer: C. trans-continental highways

Correct Answer: C. there is higher demand for fruits in Western Europe than in Africa

Correct Answer: A. lava

Correct Answer: D. atmosphere