(a) Explain the term error of closure

(b) Highlight any four sources of error of closure in closed traverse survey

(c) Outline two meaures that could be taken to avoid an error of closure

The areal expansion of towns leads to the?

• A. development of wide streets
• B. takeover of agricultural lands
• C. collapse of central markets
• D. emergence of business centres

The rampant famine in some parts of Africa is caused by all the following except

• A. Unstable prices paid to farmers for their products
• B. Unreliable rainfall
• C. Civil strife and unrest
• D. Ravage of corps by pests

A major hazard to both human and aquatic life in some coastal area of Nigeria is

• A. air pollution
• B. overfishing
• C. desalination of sea water
• D. oil spillage

Tropical rain forest are important to the functioning of the earth's environment because they are large reservoirs of?

• A. oxygen, mositure and biodiversity
• B. timber, wildlife and virgin soils
• C. water, energy and mineral resources
• D. food, fibre and medicinal plants

The population of Nigeria is estimated at?

• A. 124 million people
• B. 96 million people
• C. 162 million people
• D. 140 million people

An active volcano is one that

• A. has not erupted recently
• B. will not erupt
• C. had earlier erupted violently
• D. erupts periodically

In which of the following types of vegetation would cork oak and Aleppo pine be found?

• A. Savannah woodland
• B. Temperate rain forest
• C. Monsoon forest
• D. Mediterranean woodland

Wind erosion is most common in

• A. arid areas
• B. humid areas
• C. riverine areas
• D. rocky areas

The drainage pattern on River Kuku is

• A. Rectangular
• B. Angular
• C. Centripetal
• D. Dentritic