How many structural isomers of chlorobutane are possible?

• A. 4
• B. 3
• C. 2
• D. 1

(a) Give one example each of a naturally occurring substance that;

(i) conforms to the general formula C\(_x\)(H\(_2\)O)\(_y\);

(ii) contains the carboxyl group as its functional group.

(b) Name the process for obtaining: (i) paraffin oil from crude oil; (ii) benzene from ethyne.

which of the following solutions containing one mole per dm3 of the compound would have the lowest PH?

• A. ethanoic acid
• B. hydrochloric acid
• C. sodium chloride
• D. sodium hydrogentrioxocarbonate(iv)

The number of electrons in the valence shell of an element of atomic number 14 is?

• A. 1
• B. 2
• C. 3
• D. 4

Choose the correct option from the structure below

• A. A
• B. B
• C. C
• D. D

Which process(es) is/are involved in the turning of starch iodide paper blue-black by chlorine gas?

• A) chlorine attacks the starch to give the blue-black color
• B) chlorine attacks the iodide ion to give the blue-black color
• C) chlorine oxidizes the iodide ion to produce iodine which attacks the starch to give the blue-black color
• D) iodine attacks the starch to give the blue-black color

A hydrocarbon has an empirical formula CH and a vapour density of 39. Determine its molecular formula.[C = 12, H = 1]

• A) C2H6
• B) C3H8
• C) C3H4
• D) C6H6

In the laboratory preparation of oxygen, dried oxygen is usually collected over

• A) hydrochloric acid
• B) mercury
• C) calcium chloride
• D) tetraoxosulphate (VI) acid

Which of the following factors does not affect the rate of reaction of CaCO₃ with HCI?

• A. temperature of the reaction
• B. solubility of the CaCO₃
• C. concentration of the HCI
• D. surface area of the CaCO₃

The condensation of several amino acid molecules gives

• A. long chain alkanoic acids
• B. secondary alkanols
• C. alkanoates
• D. proteins