Explanation

(a)(i)The major zones in the marine habitat are:

(1) Splash or Supral tidal zone

(2) Neritic or Litoral zone/subtidal/ diphotic zone

(3) Neritic/intertidal zone/planktonic/euphotic zone

(4) Hadal/Aphotic zone

(5) Benthic/pelagic/abyssal zone/Aphotic/Oceanic zone.

(ii) Characteristics of each zone are:

(1) Splash/Supratidal is exposed and has occasional moisture.

(2) Litoral zone is always under water and abundant light and enough nutrient.

(3) Intertidal zone is exposed at low tide and covered by water at high tide. Also, it has high photosynthetic activity, primary production, abundant light and fluctuation of water temperature.

(4) Hadal/Aphotic zone has no light penetration and no photosynthetic activities.

(5) Benthic zone has low light penetration and intensity.

(b)(i)(1) Plants in marine habitat are:Sea weed or diatom, algae and sesevium.

(2)Animals in marine habitat are; bony fish, crabs, starfish, barnacles, shrimps, cartilageneous fishes and periwinkle

(ii) Sea weed is adapted to the habitat by:

(1) possession of mucilagenous cover to prevent dessication.

(2) divided leaves, floating devices and air bladder for bouyancy.

(3) point of attachment that makes it hold fast to water.

(4) ability of animals e.g. cartilageneous fishes to retain little urea in the body to cope with water salinity.

(c) Behavioural adaptations of animals to seasonal changes in terrestial habitat are:

(i) Hibernation in cold weather

(ii) Migration to warmer regions in winter

(iii) Aestivation in unfavourable weather

(iv) Basking in the sun to raise body temperature

(v) Covering body with warm clothing or material or resting with warm material

(vi) Burrowing habit to avoid harsh weather in rodents.

(d)Characteristics of plant community in the rainforest:

(i) The plants have broad leaves and buttress roots.

(ii) The forest has many tall trees.

(iii) There is presence of epiphytes. The plants have regularly stratified canopies and possess thin barked trees.

(vi) The ground is generally littered with a lot of leaves.

Characteristics of plant community in the savanna:

(1) The plant has no stratified canopies.

(2) The area is predominantly grassland.

(3) It has plants with underground stem.

(4) The plants possess fewer trees that are scattered

(5) Deep rooted plants.

(6) They are generally fire resistant trees with thick bark.

(7) The trees are resistant to draught.

Correct Answer: C. always involves one parent and the offspring is genetically identical to the parent

Correct Answer: B. copper sulphate

Correct Answer: D. deforestation

Explanation

Deforestation: Deforestation is the opposite of afforestation. It involves the clearing or removal of forests or trees from an area. Deforestation leads to the loss of valuable natural resources like timber, biodiversity, soil fertility, and water regulation. It disrupts ecosystems, accelerates soil erosion, and releases stored carbon dioxide, contributing to climate change. Deforestation is detrimental to the conservation of natural resources and has serious environmental consequences.

Correct Answer: A. osmosis

Correct Answer: C. HCl(aq)

Correct Answer: B) lumbar vertebrae

Explanation

The lumbar spine contains 5 vertebrae, labeled L1 to L5, which progressively increase in size going down the lower back. The vertebrae are connected with joints at the back to enable bending and twisting movements of the spine. Your lumbar vertebrae provide stability for your back and spinal column and allow for a point of attachment for many muscles and ligaments. Your lumbar vertebrae support most of your body's weight. It's also the center of your body's balance.

Correct Answer: C. isotonic

Correct Answer: C) their effect on human consumers is not yet fully understood

Explanation

Genetically modified food products are foods that have been modified through genetic engineering to enhance certain desirable traits. The question asks why genetically modified food products are not universally accepted. Option A suggests that genetically modified food products are not tasty as others produced by conventional means. This option is incorrect because taste is not a major concern when it comes to genetically modified food products. In fact, some genetically modified food products, such as tomatoes, have been modified to have a better taste. Option B suggests that genetically modified food products are usually costlier than others produced by conventional means. While this may be true in some cases, it is not the main reason why genetically modified food products have not become universally accepted. Option C is the correct answer. It suggests that the effect of genetically modified food products on human consumers is not yet fully understood. This is a major concern for many people, as the long-term health effects of consuming genetically modified food products are not yet known. As a result, some people are hesitant to consume them. Option D suggests that the technology can be applied only in developed countries. This is not true, as genetically modified food products are grown and consumed in both developed and developing countries. In conclusion, genetically modified food products have not become universally accepted because their effect on human consumers is not yet fully understood. To learn more about this, please read the relevant sections of the recommended textbooks.

Correct Answer: D. Malplghlan tubule