Correct Answer: D. haemolysis

Explanation

(a)(i) Role of green plants are:

(1) They are called producers and are usually most abundant

(2) They mark the beginning of food chain

(3) Green plants can produce carbohydrates during photosynthesis

(4) They use carbon dioxide and water

(5) They harness, utilize or store light energy in the presence of light.

(ii) Role of herbivores:

(1) Herbivores are the primary consumers.

(2) They normally feed or depend directly on plant materials for food.

(3) They build up energy or food for herbivores.

(iii) Role of carnivores:

(1) They are the secondary consumers and are fewer in number

(2) They feed on herbivores or other animals for energy

(3) They are referred to as flesh eating animals

(iv) Role of Decomposers:

(1) They are also called tertiary consumers. They depend or feed on dead organic materials or saprophytes for energy.

(2) They help in the recycling of nutrients.

(b) Description of carbon cycle:

(1) Plants and animal respiration release carbon (iv) oxide to the atmosphere

(2)Plants are eaten by herbivores

(3) Herbivores are eaten by carnivores

(4) Dead organisms decay to release carbon (iv) oxide into the atmosphere

(5) Bacteria respire on some materials they absorb and release carbon (iv) oxide to the atmosphere

(6) Burning of plant or fossils or fuel release carbon (iv) oxide to the air

(7) Carbon (iv) oxide is found in ocean or large body of water, due to respiration which is released when required to maintain the balance.

(8) Green plants absorb atmospheric carbon (iv) oxide to produce food eaten by animals.

(9) Carbon (iv) oxide from the atmosphere dissolves in the ocean or large body of water.

Carbon cycle

Correct Answer: B. Placing it under a fan in a room

Correct Answer: A) Saprophytic nutrition involves feeding on soluble organic material from inorganic substances

Explanation

The correct answer is A. Explanation: This Biology question is asking which statement is not true. The options provide four different statements about nutrition and symbiotic relationships. Option A states that saprophytic nutrition involves feeding on soluble organic material from inorganic substances, and this statement is true. Saprophytes are organisms that obtain their food by feeding on dead and decaying organic matter. They secrete enzymes that break down the organic matter into simpler substances, which they absorb and use for their own nutrition. Option B states that symbiosis is a nutritional relationship in which both organisms involved derive benefit. This statement is also true. Symbiosis is a close and long-term interaction between two different species, and it can be mutualistic, commensalistic, or parasitic. In mutualism, both species benefit from the interaction, while in commensalism, one species benefits while the other is neither helped nor harmed. In parasitism, one species benefits at the expense of the other. Option C states that a parasite causes injuries to its host in the course of getting its food. This statement is true for most parasites. Parasites are organisms that live on or inside another organism (the host) and obtain their food from it. They can harm their host by consuming its tissues or fluids, causing disease, or disrupting its normal physiological functions. Option D states that holozoic mode of nutrition can be seen in animals, carnivorous plants, and some protists. This statement is also true. Holozoic nutrition is a type of nutrition in which an organism ingests solid food particles and digests them internally. Animals, including humans, obtain their nutrition through holozoic nutrition. Some plants and protists also use holozoic nutrition to supplement their energy requirements. Therefore, the correct answer to the question is Option A, which states that saprophytic nutrition involves feeding on soluble organic material from inorganic substances, and is true. The other options are all true statements about nutrition and symbiotic relationships

Correct Answer: D. Temperature

Correct Answer: B. no gills

Explanation

(a)Factors affecting the rate of diffusion: -Presence of concentration gradient; when concentration of substance is high the rate of movement of molecules will increase/molecules move from the region of higher concentration to the region of lower concentration; leading to an increase in the rate of diffusion. Surface area: Large surface area will allow more molecules of substance to diffuse. State/nature of the diffusing substance: Molecules in gaseous state diffuse faster than those in liquids or solid states/molecules in solid state diffuse slower than those of liquid and gas. Size of the molecules/particles: The smaller molecules will move/diffuse faster than larger molecules. Temperature: Increase in temperature increases the movement of molecules/increases in diffusion/decrease in temperature slows down movement of molecules/decreases diffusion.

(b)(i)Active transport: This is the movement of molecules from a region of low concentration to a region of high concentration/against a concentration gradient. Across a living membrane. Using energy from the cell.

(ii)Transpiration: Loss of water in the form of vapour; from the aerial parts of plants.

(c) Reduction of Transpiration:Closure of stomata during the day. Reduction of leaf size/leaf modified into spines. Dropping of leaves in the dry season. Development of thick cuticle. Presence of hairs over leave surfaces. Presence of sunken stomata.

(d)Red Blood Cells:Biconcave shape/disc-like, increases its surface area for oxygen uptake. Elastic membrane, enables it to flow easily through the blood vessels. Presence of hemoglobin; for oxygen uptake. Thin membrane; for easy diffusion of oxygen/carbon-dioxide.

Correct Answer: A. Hairs

Correct Answer: A. homeostasis

Correct Answer: D. accommodation