Correct Answer: D. provide good health for an individual

Correct Answer: A. an allele

Correct Answer: D. Butterfly

Correct Answer: D. Phloem

Explanation

The main supporting tissues in plants are parenchyma, collenchyma, sclerenchyma (fibre) and wood (xylem).

Correct Answer: C) Central nervous system

Explanation

The question is asking about two important organs in our body - the brain and the spinal cord. These two organs are responsible for a lot of the functions that our body carries out, so it's important to understand what they are and what they do. The options provided are: A) Peripheral nervous system, B) Autonomic nervous system, C) Central nervous system (this is the correct answer), and D) Somatic nervous system. The peripheral nervous system is made up of all the nerves that are outside the brain and spinal cord and are responsible for transmitting messages between the central nervous system and the rest of the body. The autonomic nervous system is responsible for controlling the involuntary actions of our body, such as breathing and heartbeat. The somatic nervous system controls voluntary actions, such as moving our arms and legs. The correct answer is C) Central nervous system. The brain and spinal cord make up the central nervous system, which is responsible for controlling and coordinating all the activities of the body. It receives and processes information from the rest of the body and sends out signals to control voluntary and involuntary actions. In summary, the brain and spinal cord make up the central nervous system, which is responsible for controlling and coordinating all the activities of the body. The correct answer to the question is option C.

Correct Answer: C. lens gets a longer focal length

Correct Answer: D. Spirogyra and pond skater

Correct Answer: C. community

Correct Answer: C. graafian follicle

Explanation

(a) (i)Competition;is the process by which living organisms in a habitat struggle/compete with one another for limited essential needs such as food/light/nutrients/mates/shelter/space in the environment.

(b)(i) Inter-species competition exists between individuals of different species, e.g. Iroko tree and terminalia in a forest competing for light and competition for grazing land between a herd of cattle and a herd of antelopes on a grazing land.

(ii) Infra - species competitionis the competition between individuals of the same species / kind, e.g. tomato seedlings in a nursery/ a population of laboratory rats in a cage.

(c)(i) The toad is structurally adapted to obtain food by:

(1) possessing special olfactory organ in the head for smelling/perceiving the odour of its food

(2) the ability to draw eyes in so that they make bulges in the roof of the mouth which helps to prevent their prey from escaping/ help in swallowing,

(3) the tongue being attached at the front of the mouth which can be rapidly extended to capture/trap prey

(4) the tongue being long and sticky to help hold the prey

(5) the tongue being long to help catch prey.

(ii) Special adaptation by toad for protection include:

(1)The skin is slimy with mucous gland which makes the animal difficult to catch by predators.

(2) Slimy fluid keeps the skin moist and prevents the skin from drying up.

(3) Toad has poison glands on the skin which is poisonous/ distasteful to the predators.

(4) Brownish colour/cryptic colouration helps to blend with the colour of the surrounding and this prevents them from being noticed by enemies/ predators (5) The colour can be altered to match the type of background.

(iii) special adaptation by toad for movement are:

(1) A toad has long hind limb with powerful muscles which enables it to hop/jump efficiently away from predators/ on land.

(2) The absence of tail facilitates hopping/jumping movement while webbed hind limb can be used as paddle for efficient swimming in water.

(3) The stout/short nature of fore limb absorbs shock on landing