Explanation

(a) A covenant is a mutual agreement between two parties, each pleading allegiance to its own responsibility or duty according to the terms of covenant. The two parties in the covenant could be equals or one could be superior to the other. The breach of the terms by any of the parties determines/terminates the covenant unless the other party forgoes its legal right and allows the covenant to subsist.

(b) One of the conditions stipulated in the covenant was God's promise that Sarah would bear Abraham a son in his old age (to be called Isaac). Although Abraham expressed a doubt (owing to his old age and the age of his "barren" wife), God assured him of his faithfulness. Then Abraham suggested that Ishmael might be the vehicle for God's fulfillment of the covenant. `No', said God. Sarah would bear a son with whom the covenant would be established with his descendants for ever. As for Ishmael, God would bless him with children, but Sarah's son, Isaac, would surely be born at that season the following year. Soon after this, she conceived and bore a son. Abraham called his name 'Isaac' and circumcised him on the eighth day. Abraham was 100 years old then. Sarah said that God had made laughter of her. Abraham celebrated the occasion with feast for his faithfulness to the covenant.

Correct Answer: D. slashing

Correct Answer: A. manufacture of ammonia

Correct Answer: B. 10 hours ahead of that of London

Correct Answer: B. acidified KMnO₄ solution colourless

Explanation

If the potassium manganate(VII) solution is acidified with dilute sulfuric acid, the purple solution becomes colourless.

Explanation

(a) \(\frac{x^{2}}{4} + y^{2} = 1\)

Differentiating w.r.t x,

\(\frac{\mathrm d y}{\mathrm d x} = -\frac{2x}{4(2y)} = -\frac{x}{4y}\)

The gradient of the curve is

\(\frac{\mathrm d y}{\mathrm d x} = -\frac{1}{4(\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2})}\)

= \(-\frac{1}{2\sqrt{3}}\)

Equation of the tangent at \((1, \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2})\) is

\(\frac{y - \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}}{x - 1} = -\frac{1}{2\sqrt{3}}\)

\(1 - x = 2\sqrt{3} (y - \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2})\)

\(1 - x = 2\sqrt{3} y - 3 \implies 2\sqrt{3} y + x - 4 = 0\).

(b) \(\frac{3x + 2}{x^{2} + x - 2}\)

\(x^{2} + x - 2 = x^{2} - x + 2x - 2\)

\(x(x - 1) + 2(x - 1) \implies x^{2} + x - 2 \equiv (x - 1)(x + 2)\)

\(\frac{3x + 2}{x^{2} + x - 2} = \frac{A}{x - 1} + \frac{B}{x + 2}\)

= \(\frac{A(x + 2) + B(x - 1)}{(x - 1)(x + 2)}\)

Comparing with the equation given, we have

\(3x + 2 = A(x + 2) + B(x - 1)\)

= \(Ax + 2A + Bx - B\)

\(\implies A + B = 3 ... (1)\)

\(2A - B = 2 ... (2)\)

(1) + (2) : \(3A = 5 \implies A = \frac{5}{3}\)

\(\frac{5}{3} + B = 3 \implies B = 3 - \frac{5}{3} = \frac{4}{3}\)

\(\therefore \frac{3x + 2}{x^{2} + x - 2} = \frac{5}{3(x - 1)} + \frac{4}{3(x + 2)}\).

Explanation

In the play, symbols are used to represent the various predicaments of black people. There is the symbol of the photographic studio which becomes a temporary refuge for blacks who are crippled economically and socially and who indulge their fantasy in taking pictures. Sizwe Bansi, as an asylum seeker, finds this studio a temporary place of refuge.

The cockroaches symbolize the oppressive white settlers; the Doom applied by Styles on the cockroaches represents all the ineffective actions taken to free South Africa from racial discrimination.

The cat is used to remind the blacks that they need a greater force to free themselves from the oppressive regime; the passbook that the blacks are made to carry is a symbol used to highlight the evils of apartheid. Without a valid passbook characters like Sizwe Bansi are limited in their movement and in securing gainful employment.

Death, itself, is used symbolically to represent rest and peace for the oppressed blacks. The harsh conditions faced by the blacks make them wish to die. There is also Buntu's house which becomes a rehabilitation centre and Buntu himself is made a rehabilitation officer for Sizwe Bansi.

Explanation

(a) Differences between Weather and Climate

— Weather is the atmospheric condition of a place over a short period (days, weeks, hours, months) but climate is the average weather conditions of a place over a long period of time (35yrs).

— Weather changes very often, but climate does not change very often.

— Weather cannot be generalized but climate can be generalised.

— Weather describes the atmospheric condition of a small area, while climate describes the atmospheric condition of a large area.

(b)Some Weather Elements and the Instruments for Measuring them

— Wind speed

— anemometer,

— Sunshine - sundial / recorder, campbell stroke,

— Pressure

— barometer

— Rainfall

— rain gauge.

(c) How Wind Speed is Measured

— Measured with anemometer

— Placed in an open space

—Anemometer consists of four metal cups fixed to a metal arm

— The shaft is connected to a meter

—The cups rotate freely on a vertical shaft as the wind blows.

— The number of rotation is indicated on a meter to give the speed of the wind in kilometer per hour. How Wind Speed is Recorded

— Reading is taken twice daily e.g 9.00 hours and 1500 hours

— Is recorded in a note book

— Stating the date of recording

— The record is signed by the observer.

Correct Answer: D. plain and plateaux

Explanation

(a)

Take moments about P

Clockwise moment = \(200 \times 1.5 + 100 \times 4\)

= \(300 + 400 = 700N\)

Anti-clockwise moment = \(5R_{2} N\)

\(5R_{2} = 700 ; R_{2} = 140N\)

For vertical equilibrium, \(R_{1} + R_{2} = 300\)

\(R_{1} = 300 - 140 = 160N\)

(b)

Suppose he walked x m from P

Let each reaction be R N

Equating forces, 2R = 300

\(R = 150N\)

We take moments about P.

Clockwise moments =\( 200x + 100 \times 4\)

= \(200x + 400 Nm\)

Anti-clockwise moments = 5R = 750 Nm

\(200x + 400 = 750\)

\(200x = 350 ; x =1.75m\)

(c) Plank tips over when he is between S and Q.

Let boy be y m from S.

We take moments about S.

\(200y = 100(5 - 4) = 100\)

\(y = 0.5m\)

The boy must be 5.5m from P.