(a) What is a plateau? (b) Describe the mode of formation of: (i) Tectonic plateau...

Explanation

(a) A plateau is an elevated upland with extensive level surface and usually descending steeply to the surrounding lowland.

(b)(i) Mode of formation of tectonic plateaux

It is formed by earth movement either by folding or faulting, which causes uplift. Such uplifts are often of a considerable size. It is a fairly uniform altitude. Plateaux can be tilted as a result of imbalance by compressional forces e.g the Messefa of central Iberia. Some other plateaux are surrounded by fold mountains and they are referred to as intermonte plateau. Example is Jos Plateau.

(ii) Mode of formation of Dissected Plateaux

They originate from either tectonic.or volcanic plateaux. Dissected plateaux result from continual process of weathering and erosion caused by running water, ice and wind. The high and extensive plateaux are gradually worn down while their surfaces are made irregular streams and glacier sometimes cut deep narrow valley in the plateaux. Such plateaux are known as dissected plateaux.

(c) Importance of Plateaux

(1) Plateaux are rich in mineral resources

(2) They promote cool climate

(3) Provides good grazing lands

(4) Provide good farm land.

(5) Serves as site for tourist attraction

(6) Provide site fo- NEP

(7) They provide good site for settlements

(8) They are sources of rivers and streams.