(a) (i) Explain the term settlement (ii) Name two major types of settlement (b) Highlight...

Explanation

(a) Settlement: A group of buildings with people in them. A settlement is a centre for human activities. It is made up of houses, communication network (roads, tracks, railways, etc.). It may be only one house, a group of houses, a village, a town or a city.

(ii) Two major types on settlement: Rural settlement, Urban settlement

(b) Factors that influence the location of settlement availability of water

— availability of suitable land on which to build

— abundant farmland with good soils

— suitable defence features e.g. hill top meeting point of communication routes

— presence of mineral resources

— sites for generating HEP

— absence of pests and diseases

— government policy

— sheltered indentation on coastline

(c) Functions of settlements commercial centres e.g. Kano, Onitsha, Banjul, Freetown, Lagos.

— Port-Harbour e.g. Lagos — Mining towns e.g. Jos

— administrative centres e.g. London, Abuja, Accra.

— religious centres e.g. Rome, Mecca

— educational centres e.g. Oxford, lbadan, Nsukka, Zaria

— military centre e.g. Jaji

— tourist centres e.g. Banjul, Miami, Bauchi, Cape Coast.