Which of the following tissues are made up of dead cells?

Explanation

The question is asking which of the following tissues are made up of dead cells. The options are Meristems, Xylem vessels, Cambium, Mesophyll, and Palisade. Among the options, Xylem vessels are the tissues that are made up of dead cells. Xylem vessels are part of the transportation system in plants that carry water and minerals from the roots to the leaves. As the xylem cells mature, they lose their cytoplasm, nucleus, and other organelles, leaving behind only a cell wall composed of a tough substance called lignin. This process is known as lignification, and it makes the cells strong and resistant to decay. The cells become empty and dead, forming a continuous pipeline for the flow of water and minerals. On the other hand, Meristems, Cambium, Mesophyll, and Palisade are not made up of dead cells. Meristems are responsible for the growth and development of new plant cells, and they are composed of actively dividing cells. Cambium is a thin layer of actively dividing cells that produces new xylem and phloem cells. Mesophyll and Palisade are both types of photosynthetic tissues found in leaves, and they are made up of living cells that contain chloroplasts, the organelles responsible for photosynthesis. In summary, Xylem vessels are the tissues made up of dead cells among the options provided. They are part of the plant's transportation system, and their dead cells form a continuous pipeline for the flow of water and minerals.