Mendel's first law is known as the law of

Explanation

Mendel's first law is also known as the law of segregation of genes, which is the correct answer in this multiple-choice question. This law states that during the formation of gametes (sex cells), the two alleles (variants of a gene) separate from each other and only one allele goes into each gamete. This means that the offspring inherits one allele from each parent. Mendel's experiments with pea plants helped him to formulate this law. He studied the inheritance of traits such as flower color, seed texture, and plant height. He found that when he crossed two pea plants with different traits, the offspring only exhibited one of the traits and not a blend of the two. This led him to conclude that there must be two alleles for each trait, and that they segregate during gamete formation. The law of segregation is important because it explains how traits are passed down from one generation to the next, and how genetic diversity is maintained in a population. It also forms the basis for understanding more complex patterns of inheritance, such as incomplete dominance and codominance. In summary, Mendel's first law, also known as the law of segregation of genes, states that alleles separate from each other during gamete formation, and only one allele goes into each gamete. This law is important for understanding how traits are inherited and how genetic diversity is maintained.