In which of these associations is much harm done to one of the partners?

Explanation

This question is asking which of the associations results in much harm to one of the partners. The options are symbiosis, commensalism, parasitism, and mutualism. Symbiosis refers to a close relationship between two different species where both partners benefit. Commensalism refers to a relationship where one partner benefits, and the other partner is neither helped nor harmed. Mutualism refers to a relationship where both partners benefit. On the other hand, parasitism is a relationship where one partner (the parasite) benefits while the other partner (the host) is harmed. The parasite feeds on the host and negatively affects its health. Therefore, the correct option is C: parasitism. Parasites can cause diseases in their hosts, which can lead to severe harm or even death. Examples of parasites include tapeworms, fleas, lice, and ticks. It is essential to take measures to prevent parasitic infections by avoiding contact with infected individuals, maintaining personal hygiene, and using insect repellents. In conclusion, parasitism is an association where one partner benefits at the expense of the other partner, resulting in much harm to the latter.