The diagrams below illustrate parasites of farm animals Study them and answer the questions that...

Explanation

(a)(i) Identification of the Parasites

Iseed

IIseed

(b)External features of the parasite labelled I (Louse)

• Head
• Thorax
• Three pairs/six legs with sharp claws
• Segmented abdomen
• A pair of Antennae
• A pair of compound eyes
• Mouthparts of biting and sucking

(c)Part of the body of the host where the parasite labelled II (Tapeworm) is found

• Small Intestine

(d)(i)Adaptive features of the parasite labelled II (Tapeworm) on its host

• Possesses four suckers with which it attaches itself to the walls of the intestine of its host
• Possesses two rows of hooks with which it fixes itself into the intestine for a firm grip
• The whole body is covered with cuticle which prevents it from being digested by the digestive enzymes of its host
• Has the ability to absorb products of digestion with its entire body since it has no digestive system of its own
• Its excessive length increases surface area for absorption
• Produces many proglottides full of eggs
• Rostellum forms part of appendages for attachment

(ii)Intermediate hosts of the parasite labelled II (Tapeworm)

• Cattle
• Pigs

(e)Effects of the parasite labelled I (Louse) on its host

• The host becomes restless due to skin irritation
• Loss of appetite
• Loss of weight
• Reduction in livestock production
• Causes loss of hairs or feathers
• Injuries caused may serve as source of secondary infection
• It sucks blood of host leading to anaemia
• It eventually leads to death