Correct Answer: C. Ariel

Correct Answer: C. Prospero

Correct Answer: B. Alonso, Antonio and Sebastian

Correct Answer: C. metaphor

Correct Answer: A. mood

Correct Answer: B. personification

Explanation

Santiago, an old and experienced fisherman spends the most part of his days at sea. His fishing expeditions which often take him far away from the shore enable him to know and understand the ways of the sea and its creatures. They also give him a vantage ground from which he can have a clear view of birds and such other phenomena as the. stars, the moon and the sun. As a result of his experiences at sea and his intimate observation of birds, Santiago develops peculiar views about them.

For instance, the old man recognizes, respects and empathizes as well as talks to them as if they can hear him and respond like human beings. He does this at great length though his monologues. For example, he says "if the others hear me talking out loud they would think I am crazy but since I am not crazy, I do not care"

As opposed to the views of others, Santiago always thinks of the sea as a woman who gives or withholds great favours This may explain why he bemoans his bad luck rather than bear the sea any grudge for losing the marlin be catches.

The old man recognizes the ability of birds to give a fisherman an insight into where he can find fish to catch. Such is the warbler that circles over him and leads him to locate the marlin he kills. During his ordeal with the big fish, he feels sorry for turtles but is also inspired by them as he compares his heart to theirs which live long after they have been killed. Hence, he eats their white eggs all through May to be strong in September and October.

In his fantasies, Santiago regards fish including the sharks which he knows species by species and which also deprive him of his big catch not only as friends but also as nobler, more beautiful and more able although less intelligent brothers. He sees the sinister sharks not as mere scavengers but as creatures with friends, mothers and relatives in their own right. He kills them in self-defence and to protect his catch.

His unusual view about other creatures is most noticeable in his encounter with the marlin. He pities the fish in its moment of anger and anguish even as his own life is on the line. He catches and kills the fish since no one is worthy of eating it from its behaviour and great dignity. He acknowledges its equal right to live and kill him if in self-defence. He argues that he kills the marlin neither for money nor for food but simply for pride. He wishes that the big fish were like the moon, the stars and the sun that no man can kill. -

Correct Answer: C. epic

Correct Answer: C. Gonzalo

Explanation

The primary purpose of the poet is to debunk the astrologers' wild claim that they can read the positions and movements of the stars and use their observations to tell people's fortunes. The poet reminds the astrologers that it, is fate and not the so-called starry influences that unalterably determine events in people's lives. He argues that fate is God- ordained and is therefore above human knowledge. For this reason, nobody including the astrologers, can pretend to know the destiny of any other person. "And no man knows his treasures, no, not you!" He thus considers them as impostors for fraudulently using the so-called starry influences to fool and dupe such gullible people as are worried by issues of danger, position, love and the like.

The poet further argues that God, who made the stars which the astrologers daily read and fraudulently exploit to eke a living, does not reveal to anybody, not least the astrologers, His secret purpose of creating them. He reminds them of the helplessness of their Egyptian predecessors to save Pharaoh and his cohorts from the wrath of God in their futile confrontation with Moses. He sees them engaged in dubious calculations and permutations about the sacred purpose of the work of the creator which is beyond their limited comprehension. Accordingly, he dismisses them as charlatans who are as "blind" as their calculations and as "drunken" as their conjectures.

The poet accuses the astrologers of being presumptuous and holds out that man does not need their services, being favorably equipped by the Divine to achieve his set objectives. Accordingly, he condemns the fortunate tellers with their spurious claims as liars since it is only man and what he does that make or mar him.