Correct Answer: D. hardship

Explanation

The character and role of Hannah in the play Hannah Ofosu is the wife of James and the mother of George, Aaron and Maanan. Hannah typifies the traditional African woman, homely, courteous and concerned about her children's welfare. Unlike her husband James, Hannah readily copes with the generation gap between parents and their children in the light of social change.

Hannah is loving and shows understanding towards the children and their personal problems especially with regards to their choice of career. She accommodates their friend, Awere, whom James does not want to see around the house, harbouring the belief that Awere is a bad influence on Aaron. Hannah is very observant. It takes her 'eagle eyes' to detect that Maanan is not happy working in Lawyer Bonu's office and this presents her as a caring mother. Maanan confildes in her by pouring out her heart about Bonu's harassment.

As a caring and loving wife, she welcomes her husband home warmly, taking his briefcase, offering him a glass of water and asking after his business. All this affirm her role as a caring respectful wife. For example, she makes sure the family's meals are ready on time and she is tolerant enough to put up with her husband's domineering elder sister, Fosuwa, but not to the detriment of her family's interest. Her assertiveness is highlighted in the way she defends the innocent relationship between Maanan and Awere against aunt Fosuwa's insinuations that they are lovers.

She is independent-minded and therefore complains about living in the same family house with the extended gift relations, especially the nosy aunt Fosuwa. She wants a cordial relationship between the children and their father and so it takes time to make James understand the youth and their problems. Her roles in the play.

Through Hannah, the, conflict in the play is resolved as she discovers the true identity of Lawyer Bonu. She provides a conducive home atmosphere for both her husband and the children to argue out their points to a meaningful conclusion. Indeed, she is the 'shoulder' on which all lean to air and resolve their divergent views.

She is used by the playwright to actualize the theme of the play, that is, that a balance can be struck between Bol two different generations in the light of rapid social change. `.ha Having played the role of a trouble shooter, she is an example of the ideal traditional mother and wife.

Correct Answer: C. Cambridge education

Explanation

Oshevire is a native of Urukpe who marries Aku from the neighbouring Simba tribe. They have a son Oghenovo. Oshevire is a loving husband and sticks to Aku even at the risk of being accused of collaboration with the rebels. Aku loves Oshevire in return and when the rebels invade Urukpe she does not run away as other Simba women do.

Oshevire is a successful rubber farmer and a contemporary of Toje, an important rubber farmer in Urukpe. As a result of envy, Toje gets Oshevire thrown into prison and turns his attention to his wife — Aku. He lures Aku into a relationship while her husband is in prison. Aku. unable to resist the situation confronting her, succumbs to Toje's advances and sinks into infidelity. This culminates in a near fatal fight between Toje and his go-between Odibo. All this while Oshevire is in detention thinking of his wife and son. It is the thought of eventually reuniting with them which keeps him going.

Eventually, Oshevire is released from detention. He returns home hoping to joyfully reunite with his family. However, to his utmost disappointment he learns of his wife's infidelity. He thus feels betrayed by the one he loves and is hurt to the core. He feels that this stain will ever remain with him. According to him this "dishonour" brought him by his wife must be removed. First, he refuses to talk to his wife and son. Then, one night he sets his house ablaze and decides to leave town. This he claims is doing what 'a man's mind urges him to do'.

In his distraction he fails to obey a soldier's command to stop and is shot dead. This completes the tragedy and destruction of the family which was once full of love and life.

Correct Answer: A. couplet

Explanation

The play satirises the colonial life of the .Write society in particular and the African society in general by highlighting some of the negative effects of colonialism.

The blind imitation of the western culture and social habits by some characters such. as Mr and Mrs Borofosem, Mr. Okadu, Mr. Tsiba, officers and members of the Cosmopolitan Club is emphasized as such characters consider their own culture inferior to Western culture.

The semi-literate Mrs Borofosem, for example, is happy that she was not born in the dark old days of her ancestors but she ironically admits that they lived longer than her own generation of civilized people. She insists that her husband should call her "duckie" because, back in Seaborne in England, a friend of hers was called "duckie" by ber husband.

Her husband, Mr Borofosem, right at the beginning of the play, regrets the day he took his wife to England because everything must be done the English way as far as she is concerned. An instance is when she seolds Nyamekye for removing the leaves she has placed in a book to dry and for trying to sweep the cigar-ashes on the carpets. According to her the ashes are used to kill the moths in the carpet in England.

Mr Tsiba is seen going to the extreme trying to "civilize" his daughter by taking her to the semi-literate Mrs Borofosem to be taught English and English manners. He does not mind what kind of tuition she receives s Borofosem.

The African cherished values of marital engagement are disregarded in favour of the Western form of engagement. This is illustrated the way Mr. Okadu and Miss Tsiba handle their engagement. It starts at a party with no parental knowledge and approval. This engagement has a tragic consequence as the would-be bride loses her mother and becomes pregnant too. Although they proceed with the engagement up to the wedding, the reception is disrupted by Nana Katawerwa, Miss Tsiba's grandmother, who points it out to them that, customarily, no one has come to the family to express their interest in Miss Tsiba, let alone engage her.

The abuse of funeral rites is also highlighted. Mr Tsiba is unable to stay in the widower's room for the prescribed period. Instead, he is out attending his daughter's wedding, barely a week after his wife's death. There is a shift from African food and drinks to English ones. The "affected" characters not only eat European food and drink European drinks but also use the cutlery. A clear example is Ms Tsiba. When he becomes aware that he is eating with his hand, he asks the boy. why the cutlery is missing. He is reminded at he enjoys his food without using cutlery.

The blind imitation of western culture extends even to clothing. Those who wear traditional outfit are considered "savage" or "uncivilized". When Mr Tsiba is informed he has visitors, he quickly hides his food in a cupboard and goes in to change from his native cloth into a pair of pyjamas.

Their use of the English language is also ridiculed. Mrs. Borofosem who pretends to speak no other language than English can hardly make any sensible utterance in that language without an error. Examples include "I never hear that before. Fine big name, very nice. I will always call her Erimintrude", etc.

The highfalutin and at times meaningless words used by officers and members of the Cosmopolitan Club illustrate this point. They appear to be more English than the English, but it is clear they are only semi-literate.

Correct Answer: B. the evils of materialism

Correct Answer: A. assertive

Explanation

The war has a profound impact on Toje. Toje is the town's pre-eminent citizen, a man of distinction who has made his mark in the rubber business. He declares that "the war has brought everybody low" including himself.

Toje even before the war was well respected among his friends and others. A rubber magnate of great repute, he has contributed immensely to the rubber industry. He argues that he could have, but for the outbreak of the war, attained great heights. The war has affected his rubber business. The violence of the war makes working in the rubber plantation risky. In his view therefore his prosperity as a businessman has been severely affected by the war.

Again, the war undermines Toje's authority at home. He feels he no longer commands the respect of his wife which he did before the war. The impact of the war on Toje is not altogether negative, however. As the town's most prominent citizen he maintains that anybody who comes to the town to do business of any sort must be on good terms With him. Even the military are not exempted from this. That is why he is able to persuade Major Bello Akuya to put Oshevire into detention on false charges of collaborating with the enemy.

The war provides Toje with the opportunity to make a lot of money in spite of his many protestations as to its negative effects. He uses his influence to secure the contract to supply the troops in Urukpe with food. Also it is money which he uses to attract Aku who has been reduced to penury by her husband's detention.

The effect of the war is therefore both positive and negative on Toje.

Correct Answer: B. ugliness of death