Explanation

The relationship between More and others like Rich, the Duke and Cromwell, defines the theme of friendship and betrayal in the play. These relationships determine the direction of the plot. Rich is a friend of More's. Very early in the play, More takes Rich's loyalty for granted and opens up considerably to Rich to his detriment. For the sake of friendship, More offers Rich valuable advice concerning a career: teaching is quiet, safe and devoid of temptation. Rich rebuffs the advice. More gives Rich a cup he has been offered as a gift. Rich accepts this. However, Rich shows divided loyalty. He denies his friendship with More when Cromwell asks him about it. His switching of friendship from More to Cromwell for the sake of getting a good job and an enhanced life is under-standable. In befriending Cromwell, however, Rich betrays More. He provides damming evidence against More. At the trial, Rich's betrayal of More is complete when he turns star witness and lies on oath without compunction.

The Duke of Norfolk proves a steadfast friend to More. When the king is visiting after launching the Great Harry, More is nowhere to be found. This alarms his family and disturbs the Duke. Norfolk attempts to draw More to the side of what he sees as reason without success. But he supports More's candidature for the Chancellorship. However, Norfolk does not agree to clinging to his conscience as does More, so he stays on his job; and he does prosecute More only because it is his duty. Norfolk stands by his friend till the very end, careful to avoid More's steely adherence to his conscience.

Between Cromwell and More, there is no love lost. Cromwell bides his time for opportunities to hurt More. He holds More in spite. His insistence that the boatman take the correct fare is to give More up as one who overpays the boatman illegally. Cromwell is obviously not More's friend. He secures the most serious bits of evidence for condemning More through a friend of More's. However, he offers Rich a job for the opportunity to gain access to information and not because the two are friends. He intimidates, bullies and even cajoles Rich. He finally secures Rich's willingness to commit perjury. At the crucial moment, he contrives the evidence from alleged witnesses to incriminate More.

It is clear from the play that friendship is not based on a true and lasting relationship; rather. it depends very much on patronage, self interest and expediency and there-in lies the element of betrayal.

Correct Answer: C. alliteration

Correct Answer: D. poetry, drama,prose

Correct Answer: D. Miranda has offered to help Ferinard

Correct Answer: A. sense of detachment on the part of the writer

Correct Answer: A. epilogue

Explanation

The poem depicts a boy swinging to and fro on a swing. The emphasis is on the activity and it seems he is enjoying himself immensely as the swing moves " faster and faster".

More gets known about the boy as the poem progresses. Reference is made to his "blue shirt" billowing "in the breeze", and its comparison with "a tattered kite". What is here revealed is his background and his poverty which the words "blue" and "tattered" suggest.

As the boy's movement on the swing intensifies, more is suggested about the happenings on the swing. Now its rapid motion becomes disorienting as the boy loses bearing in the metaphor of "east becomes west". "north turns to south" and "the four cardinal points/ meet in his head". At this point, it is suggested, confusion sets in and.the boy is no longer at ease in his former state where he seems to be at home in familiar poverty and class.

The crisis of identity is then reached in the final stanza in the cry of "Mother!", in the one and only first line, to be followed by the series of rhetorical questions in the succeeding lines. These questions allude to the boy's origin and aspiration ending in the profundity of the line - "Why was my father jailed?" It seems that at this point the veil has been removed from the boy's face and, like a clairvoyant, he can see the unacceptable situation in which he and his race find themselves. The poignancy of the revelation is felt, rather than said, as a world of innocence crashes before the boy's eyes.

Explanation

Marriage is an important theme in the play. All the major characters are deeply concerned with the issue of marriage and at one time or the other express strong views on this issue. It serves as a force which motivates most of the important actions in the play. Further, it forms the subject of many arguments and very lively, if not heated, debates.

The issue of marriage is brought into every conversation, however trivial it may be. Right at the start of the play Algernon broaches the subject in a conversation with his butler, Lane. He asks the question: why is it that at a bachelor's establishment the servants invariably drink the champagne? Lane's response hits straight home at the point: I attribute it to the superior quality of the wine... I have often observed that in married households the champagne is rarely of a first-rate brand. They then launch into a short conversation on the nature of marriage in which Lane remarks that he does not find the subject of marriage an interesting topic for discussion. This leads to Algernon's comments, when Lane insists that Lane's views on marriage seem somewhat lax.

The conversation between the friends, Jack and Algernon, inevitably touches on the issues of marriage. Jack's sincere belief in the romanticism of marriage is countered by Algernon's cynical views. While Jack expresses the wish to always enjoy the company of his wife when he does marry, Algernon insists that the married man should always create an alter ego which will give him an opportunity to run away from his wife from time to time. Algernon's views, of course, change when he falls in love with Cecily.

The question of marriage occupies the top spot in Lady Bracknell's list of priorities. Her perspective on marriage is expressed solely from a materialistic viewpoint. Her list of eligible young men does not, therefore, include Jack who wants to marry her niece, Gwendolyn.

Lady Bracknell puts status first: a man should always have an occupation of some kind. Her list of eligible young men is based on social status and wealth. Therefore, Jack with his nondescript origin having been found abandoned in a handbag at Victoria Station will never make her list.

Lady Bracknell' s interview of Jack accentuates the ludicrousness of her criteria for eligibility. For her, a man who desires to get married should know either everything or nothing. To Jack's response that he knows nothing she says: I am pleased to hear it. Wilde is certainly poking fun at Victorian ideals of marriage here. The important issues, such as a person's character takes the back seat: I am not in favour of long engagements. They give people the opportunity of finding out each other's character before marriage, which I think is not good thing (Lady Bracknell). As it turns out, Jack is actually Lady Bracknell's nephew - and Algernon's brother! This accentuates the foolishness of prohibiting marriage on the grounds that the proposed suitor's background is undistinguished. After all, she admits herself that when she married Lord Bracknell she had no fortune of her own but that she never dreamed for one moment of allowing that to stand in my way.

Correct Answer: C. the Duke

Explanation

The theme of self-identity is a major one in the novel. The narrator is not accorded recognition and so he can declare 'l am what i am' while eating yam. The unnamed narrator is the protagonist in the novel. He is treated as a non-being by the system and so 'an invisible man' and retreats into an.\ underground cellar. He encounters eviction while still in search of his identity within the society. It is the narrator's first northern winter. he is restless and takes a walk in the cold weather. He chances upon an old couple being something'. The old woman keeps repeating: Leave us alone' and just look what they doing to us'. The crowd is surprised by the narrator's ignorance. While the crowd soothes, the narrator urges the people to behave like 'a law-abiding people and slow-to-anger people' and not resort to violence. The speech rouses the crowd. A much-inspired white girl shows the narrator an escape route as the police arrive. A fellow, Brother Jack, who thinks the speech 'a masterpiece of persuasion', catches up with the narrator and offers him coffee and cheesecake.