Correct Answer: C. it produced the document for governance in Makkah

Explanation

The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) gave us a comprehensive paradigm for coexistence. The Muslims emigrants’ stay in Abyssinia provides one such good example. When some of the early Muslims were subjected to the coercion of the Quraysh to abandon their religion, they were forced to emigrate to Abyssinia. In so doing, they resorted to a method that has been used by many prophets of God who preceded Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him). The Holy Quran mentions in many verses how many prophets before him migrated with their followers to escape the persecution and torture they suffered at the hands of the disbelievers. But we have to stop at this point and contemplate the events surrounding the Muslims’ first migration to Abyssinia and learn from the lessons it contains. When the conditions of the Muslims reached the point where they could no longer tolerate the persecution of the Quraysh, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered them to take their families and go to Abyssinia. However, he himself did not go with them but migrated to Medina after a number of years.

The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) did not think of migrating from Mecca, except after he:

1-Exhausted all the means of inviting the people of Quraysh to Islam.

2-Made sure that his Companions were safe and that they have all migrated and safely settled in Medina. He did not migrate until Islam had entered each house in Medina and after the city had become a safe homeland for the Muslim community and Islam.

Like Mecca, Abyssinia was not a Muslim society. But it king, Negus, preserved the rights of the Muslim minority, and gave them protection and freedom of faith. Abyssinia was a described as a land where no one was oppressed and this is what prompted the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) to encourage Muslims to migrate there.

Muslims lived in Abyssinia as a minority yet they enjoyed a secure and safe life and rights and freedom in a non-Islamic country.

Correct Answer: C. al Tin

Explanation

According to Islamic traditions, Zayd bin Thabit was the personal scribe of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, and was from the ansar (helpers). He joined the ranks of the Muslim army at age 19. After Muhammad's passing, he was ordered to collect the Quran into a single volume from various written and oral sources. He was a noted expert on the Quran and spent much time reciting it. When Zayd was 6 years old his father died in the Battle of Bu'ath. Zayd was 11 years old when he asked permission to participate in the Battle of Badr. Since he was younger than 15 years old, Muhammad did not allow him to do so and sent him back. He then decided to try to win favour with Muhammad by learning the Quran. He was later appointed to write letters to non-Muslims and to collect and keep a record of the Qur'anic verses. Zayd was among those chosen by Muhammad to write down the verses of the Quran. He used to spend most of his time reciting the Quran and continued to learn the Quranic verses as they were recited by Muhammad. Zayd later volunteered to fight when he was 19 years old. This time he was accepted in the ranks of the Muslim army. Zayd's time to fight had come nine years after the establishment of the Muslim community in Medina. Zayd had the role of writing down the Quranic verses that Muslims believe were sent to Muhammad from Allah through the Angel Jibrail. After Muhammad's death, Zayd, who by this time had become an expert in the Quran, was assigned the role of authenticating and collecting the oral and textual Quranic revelation into a single bounded volume. This initiative was high on the Caliph Abu Bakr's agenda, especially after the Ridda wars, and the Battle of Yamamah in particular, in which a large number of Quran memorizers perished. Umar convinced Abu Bakr that the Quran should be collected in one manuscript. During Abu Bakr's reign as caliph, he was given the task of collecting the Quranic verses from all over the Muslim communities. Zayd finally accepted the task and, according to him, started locating the Quranic material and collecting it from parchments, scapula, leafstalks of date palms and from the memories of men. When Zayd had completed his task, he left the prepared sheets with Abu Bakr. Before he died, Abu Bakr left the sheets with Umar who in turn left it with his daughter Hafsah. Hafsah, Umm Salamah and Aishah were wives of Muhammad who memorized the Quran. Zayd ibn Thabit thus became one of the foremost authorities on the Quran. Umar ibn al-Khattab once addressed the Muslims and said: O people, whoever wants to ask about the Quran, let him go to Zayd ibn Thabit.

Correct Answer: C. Salat

Correct Answer: A. Intoxication

Explanation

Jibril: To deliver the Divine Revelations from Allah (Subhanahu wa Ta'ala) to His chosen Messengers from among the prophets (alayhum salam).

Mikail: To manage man's mundane necessities, bring forth rain and oversee the cultivation of crops.

Israfil: To blow the Trumpet: once, for the destruction of the universe; and again, for the Resurrection of all accountable beings to face Judgment Day.

Izrail: Angel of Death, the most fearsome of them all, who does not delay nor expedite the hour of claiming the soul.

Maalik: Guardian of Jahannum (Hell-fire), an unwelcome sight, for the unfortunate and wretched dwellers of the eternal fire.

Ridwan: Guardian of Paradise, who welcomes the Prophets (alayhum salam) and the righteous who have been blessed by Allah (Subhanahu wa Ta'ala).

Munkar : To question the dead on issues relating to his/her God, prophet Salla Allahu ta'ala 'alayhi wa Sallam, religion, belief, deeds, etc. Questioning in the grave.

Nakir: To question the dead on issues relating to his/her God, prophet Salla Allahu ta'ala 'alayhi wa Sallam, religion, belief, deeds, etc.

Raqib: Sits on man's right shoulder to record his/her good deeds.

Atid: Sits on man's left shoulder to record his/her evil deeds.

Explanation

A delegation from Medina, consisting of the representatives of the twelve important clans of Medina, invited Muhammad as a neutral outsider to serve as the chief arbitrator for the entire community. There was fighting in Yathrib (Medina) mainly involving its Arab and Jewish inhabitants for around a hundred years before 620.The recurring slaughters and disagreements over the resulting claims, especially after the battle of Bu'ath in which all the clans were involved, made it obvious to them that the tribal conceptions of blood-feud and an eye for an eye were no longer workable unless there was one man with authority to adjudicate in disputed cases. The delegation from Medina pledged themselves and their fellow-citizens to accept Muhammad into their community and physically protect him as one of themselves. Muhammad instructed his followers to emigrate to Medina until virtually all of his followers had left Mecca. Being alarmed at the departure of Muslims, according to the tradition, the Meccans plotted to assassinate him. He instructed his cousin and future son-in-law Ali to sleep in his bed to trick the assassins that he had stayed (and to fight them off in his stead) and secretly slipped away from the town. By 622, Muhammad had emigrated to Medina, then known as Yathrib, a large agricultural oasis. Following the emigration, the Meccans seized the properties of the Muslim emigrants in Mecca. The first group of pagan converts to Islam in Medina were the clans who had not produced great leaders for themselves but had suffered from warlike leaders from other clans. This was followed by the general acceptance of Islam by the pagan population of Medina, apart from some exceptions. This was, according to Ibn Ishaq, influenced by the conversion to Islam of Sa'd ibn Mua'dh, one of the prominent leaders in Medina.Among the things Muhammad did in order to settle the longstanding grievances among the tribes of Medina was drafting a document known as the Constitution of Medina (date debated), establishing a kind of brotherhood among the eight Medinan tribes and Muslim emigrants from Mecca, which specified the rights and duties of all citizens and the relationship of the different communities in Medina (including that of the Muslim community to other communities specifically the Jews and other Peoples of the Book). The community defined in the Constitution of Medina, umma, had a religious outlook but was also shaped by the practical considerations and substantially preserved the legal forms of the old Arab tribes.Muhammad's adoption of facing north towards Jerusalem when performing the daily prayers (qibla) however need not to necessarily be a borrowing from the Jews as the reports about the direction of prayer before migration to Medina are contradictory and further this direction of prayer was also practiced among other groups in Arabia.

Correct Answer: A. establishing schools in major cities and teaching the Glorious Quran

Correct Answer: C. musmad