Correct Answer: A. Contesting election

Explanation

The aim of all pressure groups is to influence the people who actually have the power to make decisions. Pressure groups do not look for the power of political office for themselves, but do seek to influence the decisions made by those who do hold this political power.

Correct Answer: C. virtually sovereign

Explanation

A confederacy is a loose relationship among a number of smaller political units. The vast majority of political power rests with the local governments; the central federal government has very little power. This means that, the states or countries that make up the Confederation are powerful and sovereign. The confederation itself is very weak with little powers tor exercise

Explanation

(i) The study of government helps us to know what is going on in our country and around the world.

(ii) It helps us to know the successes and failures of our past leaders.

(iii) It enables us to differentiate between good and bad government.

(iv) It prepares us to take part in the governance of our country.

(v) It enables us to know our rights, duties and obligations as citizens.

(vi) It puts the citizens in a position to defend their rights when violated.

(vii) It helps to inculcate the spirit of nationalism and patriotism in the citizens.

(viii) It enables people to understand the systems of government adopted in a country.

(ix) It helps us to find solutions to our political problems/challenges.

(x) It provides career opportunities for those who studied it.

(xi) it widens the citizens the citizen's political horizon.

(xii) It improves the relationship between the ruler and the ruled.

Explanation

Four reasons for the European Colonisation of West Africa:

(i)They were in search of new markets fcr legitimate trade.

(ii) Extension of cultural heritage e.g. The French wanted to extend their self acclaimed agriculture to Africa hence their policy of assimilation.

(iii) To provide security for their traders, trade routes and workers

(iv) To halt slave trade and slavery.

(v) To find outlets for surplus capital.

(vi) Search for raw materials for home industries.

(vii) To acquire more colonies for their glory and prestige

(viii) To find employment for displaced Europeans

Correct Answer: C. there is a legal right of secession

Explanation

A confederation is made up of two or more independent states. The component states are allowed to remain as separate international entities reserving for them the power to handle their own foreign policy. The central government is usually weak while the component units are rather strong.

Correct Answer: C. receives neither praise nor blame publicly

Explanation

The anonymity of the civil service is linked to two concepts: permanence and neutrality. Civil servants, many of whom remain in their jobs whilst serving numerous governments, are thus likely to have to give advice to governments of different political parties, who may have different attitudes to policy. The advice they give needs to be given to ministers both freely and also without fear of adverse public or political reactions and without fear of future career damage.

Correct Answer: C. Civil Service

Explanation

(a) Local government is a semi-autonomous body created by law to provide the needs of the people at the grassroots level.

(b)(i) Grants from central government.

(ii) Statutory Allocation e.g. Nigeria from the Federation Account.

(iii) Rates/levies: There are rates people pay to maintain, sustain and expand social services.

(iv) State allocation: In Nigeria, at least 10% of internally generated revenue of the State Government.

(v) Investment in business yields to the local government.

(vi) Fees from liquor licenses, registrations, markets, motor parks, etc.

(vii) Court fines: (Share of court fines in Nigeria).

(viii) Donations and Gifts from NGO's, citizens, etc.

(ix) Royalties from companies in (Ghana, Sierra Leone and The Gambia).

Correct Answer: C. a stable polity, buoyant economy and visionary leadership

Correct Answer: B. presidential system