Correct Answer: B. wheat

Correct Answer: C. hydrolysis

Correct Answer: A. national disintegration

Correct Answer: C. north atlantic route

Explanation

(A) ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARD;

This is any natural or human induced event which poses a serious danger or risk to the lives and properties of people in their environment.

(B) EXAMPLES OF ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS;

1. Volcanic eruption

2. Hail

3. Hurricane

4. Floods

5. Desert encroachment/ desertification

6. Environmental pollution

7. Soil and coastal erosion

8. Earthquakes

9. Tornadoes

10. Lightning

11. Drought

12. Mass washing

13. Mining

14. Oil spillage

15. Deforestation.

(C) EFFECTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION;

(a) Pollutants are toxic and can kill aquatic plants and animals. Example is sulphur dioxide.

(b) Toxic wastes can affect soils which can lead to impairment of plant growth.

(c) It can decrease or increase the temperature.

(d) Pollutants can destroy goods e.g. sulphur dioxide destroys leather.

(e) Pollution can lead to chronic diseases such as bronchial or lung cancer.

(f) It causes the destruction of the ozone layer.

(g) Pollutants cause acid rain which can destroy plants and buildings.

(h) Pollutants form fog which reduces visibility and are dangerous to air and motor traffic.

Correct Answer: A. aviation industry

Explanation

(a)(i) Dispersed settlement: This form of settlement is made up of several houses which are scattered or dispersed in nature. One house may be up to one or more kilometres from the next. It is associated with rural farming and farmlands are usually behind buildings Farmlands are intensively tilled.

Dispersed settlements are mainly engaged in primary activities with few social amenities. It presents a quiet social life

(ii) Linear settlement This form of settlement stretches along physical features such as elongated escarpment, lakes, etc. It could be straight or curved communication lines along railways, roads, foot paths, etc. Linear settlement is mainly rural in nature which may constitute extension of towns on their outskirts It could be sublinear where roads meet and are of several kilometres in length.

Gardens are located behind the houses while farmlands exist behind gardens.

(b) Factores that favor the location of settlements

(i) Location at a river confluence, e.g Lokoja (Nigeria). Khartoun (Sudan) St Louis (USA)

(ii) Location at where a river is shallow or narrow. e.g Oxford (England), Paris (France), Rome (Italy)

(iii) Location at the exit or the entrance of gorges e.g. Bingen and Bonn (Germany)

(iv) Location at river bend or meander, e.g Telok Anson on tne Perak River Meander (Malaysia). Orleans on River Rhone (France)

(v) Location at where there is an Indentation on the coast line. eg Lagos (Nigeria), Freetown (Sierra Leone) RIO de Janeiro (Brazil), Buenos Aires (Argentina), Tokyo (Japan)

(c) Functions of Urban Settlements

(i) Provides social services

(ii) Commercial functions

(iii) Provision of employment Serves and residential function

(v) Serves as administrative/political function (vi) Educational centres

(viii) Individual function

Correct Answer: A. indiscriminate felling of trees

Correct Answer: C. savannah lands

Correct Answer: A. Liberia