Correct Answer: A. fold mountain

Correct Answer: D. Onitsha in Anambra state

Explanation

(a) Draw an outline of the area to scale of 1:300,000.

Outline length 12.2cm ; Breadth 12.2cm

Note: The original length and breadth had been divided by 3.

(b)(i) Settlement of Pindiga and Yalo.

(ii) 1900ft contour line.

(iii) Full length of two minor roads.

Note: All these had been indicated in the drawn outline. 12.2 cm

(a)(b)

(c) Calculating the actual distance along the minor road from Futuk to the point where it leaves the area on the map. The distance in the map is 13.5 cm. The scale of the map is 1:100,000. Therefore the conversion of 13.5cm to the actual distance on the ground is

= 13.5 x100,000 km = 13.5km

100,000 1

(d) The influence of relief and drainage in the distribution of settlements shown on the map;

(i) The undulating plain to east of the area has many settlements.

(ii) Most settlements are near the river valleys.

(iii) Settlements avoid river valleys that are liable to flooding e.g. no settlement in the south-east due to flooding.

(iv) Settlements avoid the highland area in the west, north-west and south-west.

Correct Answer: D. maturity

Explanation

(a) Economic importance of Aswan High Dam to the Nile Basin are:

(i) Generation of Hydro-electric power (electricity)

(ii) Aswan dam also serves irrigation purposes. This enables the people to farm throughout the year

(iii) Dam is also used as fishing ground

(iv) Aswan dam also provides source of water for domestic and industrial uses

(v) Aswan dam also serves as tourist centre where revenue can be generated.

(b) Four problems resulting from the construction of dams are:

(i) There may be low level of water in the river which may hamper navigation and other activities

(ii) The collapse of the dam may lead to flooding of the plain which may cause damage to life and properties

(iii) Huge amount of money which would have been utilized in some useful projects is lost through the construction of dam

(iv) Shortage of water in the river during dry season may hamper the normal functioning of the dam.

Correct Answer: D. convectional

Correct Answer: B. 20km

Correct Answer: A. Metropolis, city, town, village and hamlet

Correct Answer: D. 2.00am on monday

Explanation

The description of a soil profile.

A Horizon (Zone of eluviation): It is the surface or top soil. This is the zone where organic materials have become incorporated within the mineral matter. the zone of eluviation has little of fresh plant remains at the surface but below is a layer of very dark humus. Below the humus, is a light coloured mineral layer produced from leaching. This zone supports maximum biological activity of plants or micro-organisms hence a considerate part of the nutrients and water available for plants are found. The most extensive roots developed in this zone support life

B Horizon (Zone of illuviation):This is the subsoil which is lighter in colour because it contains less humus. It also contains little organic material unit which makes the mineral matter weathered Zone of illuviation contains substances derived from the A horizon through leaching and some substance derived from the C horizon through evaporation. Clay is also washed down from the surface. The major mineral compounds that accumulate in this zone include iron, calcium and aluminum.

C Horizon:The C horizon is the regolith composed of the same parent materials. The true soil above developed from it because it is more.or less weathered. This zone is mostly solid hence it is regarded as the reservoir of minerals.

(b)(i) It is the main medium of plant growth

(ii) It is the habitat for micro-organisms, reptiles and some animals

(iii) It serves as raw materials for industries e.g sand, clay, limestone, etc

(iv) It serves as determinants of the type of agriculture

(v) It serves as support for building

(vi) It contains all the essential minerals

(vii) Soil serves as food for micro-organisms such as earthworm