Correct Answer: D. joint-stock company

Explanation

joint-stock company is a company whose stock is owned jointly by the shareholders. A joint-stock company is a business entity in which shares of the company's stock can be bought and sold by shareholders. Each shareholder owns company stock in proportion, evidenced by their shares.

Correct Answer: C. net income from abroad

Correct Answer: A. preventing mergers

Correct Answer: C. farmers find it difficult getting help from financial institutions

Explanation

(a) Balance of payment disequilibrium refers to a situation where the total receipts of a country's exports are not equal to the total payments on imports usually for a year.

(b)(i) Balance of payment surplus: This is a situation where the total receipts from a country's exports is greater than the total payments on imports of a country in a given year or vice versa.

(ii) Balance of payment deficit: This is a situation where the total payments on imports is greater than the total receipts of a country's export in a given year or vice versa.

(c)(i) Over-reliance on imported goods.

(ii) Inadequate technical know-how/low level of technology.

(iii) Over-reliance on primary products whose prices fluctuate on the world markets.

(iv) Political instability/crisis which disrupts production of exports.

(v) Servicing of foreign debts.

(vi) Excessive government expenditure on unproductive activities.

(vii) Existence of import dependent industries which expends foreign exchange on imports.

(viii) Poor infrastructural facilities which hinder production.

(ix) Over-reliance on one export product whose prices are unpredictable.

(x) Deterioration in the terms of trade as a result of rising imports prices.

(xi) Inflation which increase the cost of production and make exports uncompetitive.

(xii) Fall in the value of the domestic currency/ devaluation which increases the prices of imports.

(xiii) Low level of agricultural production which reduces the volume of exports.

Correct Answer: D. sales of shares to the public

Explanation

A private limited company is a business entity that is held by private owners. However, private limited companies do not need to issue a prospectus because the public is not invited to subscribe for the shares of the company. A private limited company needs a minimum of only 2 directors. private company, the number of shares traded is relatively smaller and also the traded shares are owned by limited individuals. On the other hand, the shareholders in a public limited company are the public. A company whose securities are traded on a stock exchange and can be bought and sold by anyone. Public companies are strictly regulated, and are required by law to publish their complete and true financial position so that investors candetermine the true worth of its stock (shares). Also called publicly held company.

Explanation

(a) Disposable Income = Income - Tax

(i) Doctor = $8,000 - (10% of $8,000)

= $8,000 - $800

= $7,200

(ii) Engineer= $7,000 - (12% of $7,000)

= $7,000 - $840

= $6,160

(iii) Civil Servant = $5,000 - (18% of $5,000)

= $5,000 - $900

= $4, 100

(iv) Nurse = $6,000 - (15% of $6,000)

= $6,000 - $900

= $5, 100

(b) Regressive system of taxation

(c) Regressive because the higher income earners pay lower rate of tax while low income earners pay higher rate of tax.

(d)

In the diagram above, the curve is negatively sloped indicating that higher income earners are levied at lower tax rate and vice versa. A regressive system of taxation is one in which the higher income earners pay a lower rate of tax while the lower income earners pay a higher rate of tax.

Correct Answer: B. job seekers lack information where jobs exist

Correct Answer: D. auctioning

Explanation

A maximum price occurs when a government sets a legal limit on the price of a good or service

Correct Answer: D. new shares

Explanation

In financial markets, a share is a unit used as mutual funds, limited partnerships, and real estate investment trusts. The owner of shares in the corporation/company is a shareholder of the corporation. A share is an indivisible unit of capital, expressing the ownership relationship between the company and the shareholder