Correct Answer: A. defacto and dejure

Explanation

There are two types of population census. They are: Defacto Population Census and De jure Population Census. Defacto is that type of census where only those who physically present would be counted. Dejure is that type of census where an individual must be a permanent resident of an area. It is counting by proxy.

Explanation

(a) Methods of measuring the national income of a country are:

(i) Output method: This method measures the total money value of all goods and services produced in the country in a year. In order to avoid double counting, the figures are collected on the basis of value added.

(ii) Expenditure method:The expenditure approach calculates the total amount spent on consumption and investment purposes during the year. It is the total amount spent on goods and services by individuals, the government and firms.

(iii) Income method:This is obtained by adding incomes received by all the factors of production. The incomes to be added include workers' earning, profits of entrepreneurs, rents on land, etc. Transfer payments such as payment to old people, beggars are not included.

(b) Problems associated with measuring national income include:

(i) Incomplete information: Income returns are inaccurate and incomplete.

(ii) Double counting.

(iii) Inflation which changes the value of money upsets the calculation.

(iv) Subsistence production, i.e. housewife, production of goods for one's family.

(v) Unpaid goods and services, e.g. housewife, housekeepers.

(vi) Illegal transactions like drug peddling, smuggling etc.

Correct Answer: B. competition among buyers

Explanation

An auction is a sale in which buyers compete for a good by placing bids, and the goods sold to the highest bidder. It is done among competing buyers

Explanation

Difficulties encountered by tax collectors in Nigeria are as follow:

(i) Many people do not fulfill their civil responsibilities of paying tax as at and when due.

(ii) Many workers especially those in private firms do not declare their real incomes.

(iii) Many people with the belief that the money they pay as tax should be used only for the provision of social amenities will resist payment of tax if these anticipated amenities are not provided

(iv) High taxes scare potential payers away.

(v) Many people think that the money is for the tax collectors and therefore refuse to pay tax. (vi) Majority of the traders keep improper or no book of Account at all.

(vii) Embezzlement and misappropriation of government fund by those at the corridors of powder, may kill people's enthusiasm to fulfill their civic obligation of paying tax.

Correct Answer: B. a decrease in the demand for labour

Explanation

The use of modern machines in production leads to an efficient and fast tracked production process with less human power required. This is one of the merits of technology in production and is used to maximize product quality and reduce production costs. The use of machines in production leads to a decrease for the demand for labour.

Correct Answer: C. D2 and S1; D2 and S2

Correct Answer: A. falls continuously but is never equal to zero.

Explanation

The average cost curve keeps falling as the level of output rises. It remains positive, and never reaches a zero value, and never turns negative.

Correct Answer: C. complementary demand

Correct Answer: C. provision of subsidies on equipment

Explanation

Intensive farming involves various types of agriculture with higher levels of input and output per cubic unit of agriculturalland area. It is characterized by a low fallow ratio, higher use of inputs such as capital and labour, and higher crop yields per cubic unit land area

Correct Answer: A. Increased interest rate