Correct Answer: C. anonymity

Correct Answer: B. improvement in literacy rate of citizens

Correct Answer: B. united nations organisation

Correct Answer: C. local government

Explanation

(a) Consequences of cultism

i. Cultism causes the breakdown of law and order

ii. Cultism activities affect the values of the society

iii. Cultism groups attack each other with various weapons in order to gain supremacy which usually leads to death

iv. Cultism promotes violence because virtually all the groups are violent

v. Immoral activities

vi. Cultism destroys the future of the youth

vii. Mental ill-health, especially madness

viii. Bad image for the cultists and families

ix. Immoral activities and lack of discipline

x. Embarrassment for families and parents

(b) Ways by which cultism can be prevented

i. Parents should more attention to their children upbringing and educate them properly on acceptable standards of behaviour

ii. School should set up very effective counseling units

iii. Parents should show good example to their children

iv. Sports and recreational activities should be encouraged to engage the youths

v. Community: There should be an effective community relations for proper monitoring of students

vi. Maximum protection by relevant authorities for cultists who are willing to have renounced their membership

v. Voluntary organizations in institutions of learning should make their programmes more interesting to attract membership

vi. The media should be encouraged to project programmes that would sensitize the youth on the dangers of cultism

vii. Protection of those who renounce: Those students who renounce cultism should be protected

viii. Public awareness: There should be an intensive public awareness and campaign against cultism

ix. Students should be encouraged to join religious groups and develop the fear of God because the fear of God is the beginning of wisdom

x. Those in government should try as much as they can to live above board so that when they preach against cultism in our society, they would be seen as role models that can be emulated.

Correct Answer: C. honest and responsible

Explanation

(a) Explanation of Citizenship Education - Citizenship Education involves the process of learning, knowledge components or contents, and skills acquisition to carry out the required activities and attitudes and values (one's mindset, like or dislike for certain things) about participation in activities of a politically organized society, known as the state, nation or country.

- Citizenship education refers to the process or acts directed at giving members of a politically organized society required knowledge, and developing necessary skills, attitudes, and values that would equip such individuals to function or participate effectively in all activities aimed at enhancing the collective good or development of society

- Citizenship education involves the learning of knowledge, skills, and attitude components for participation in the affairs of the politically organized society at different levels.

(b) Reasons for effective citizenship education of Nigerian youths;

i. It helps to enable the youths to acquire relevant knowledge about the affairs of a politically organized society at all levels.

ii. produce in enlightened youths right attributes and the values of their society

iii. educate citizens of the activities of the government in a democratic society

iv. encourage national unity and national development

v. inculcate in youth a sense of national integration and patriotism towards their society and the nation at large

vi. enlighten citizens on the importance of rules and regulations in the society e.g. rule of law

vii. assist citizens especially youths to discover national issues and find solutions to them

viii. produce enlightened youths who are politically and nationally conscious

ix. prepare the youth for future leadership duties

x. help the youth to develop positive attitudes and values that would promote active participation in the affairs of society

Correct Answer: C. dialogue

Correct Answer: C. reduction in crime rate

Correct Answer: D. arms of government