Palm wine turns sour with time because

• A) the sugar content is converted into alcohol
• B) the CO₂ formed during the fermentation process has a sour taste
• C) it is commonly adulterated by the tappers and sellers
• D) microbiological activity results in the production of organic acids within it

What is the oxidation number of Z in K₃ZCl₆?

• A. -3
• B. +3
• C. -6
• D. +6

Which of the orbitals 4s, 4p, 4d and 4f has the lowest energy?

• A. 4f
• B. 4p
• C. 4d
• D. 4s

If 30cm³ of oxygen diffuses through porous plug in 7s, how long will it take 60 cm³ of chlorine to diffuse through the same plug?

• A. 12s
• B. 14s
• C. 21s
• D. 30s

A major factor considered in selecting a suitable method for preparing a simple salt is its

• A. crystalline form
• B. melting point
• C. reactivity with dilute acids
• D. solubility in water

When a salt loses its water of crystallization to the atmosphere on exposure, the process is said to be

• A. Efflorescence
• B. Deliquescence
• C. Effervescence
• D. Fluorescence

A synthetic rubber is obtained from the polymerization of

• A) neoprene
• B) isoprene
• C) butandiene
• D) propylene

(a)(i) What is meant by cracking of petroleum fractions?

(ii) Write an equation for the laboratory preparation of ethene from ethanol.

(iii) Give one chemical test to distinguish between ethane and ethene.

(b)(i) Name the class of carbohydrates to which starch and cellulose belong.

(ii) What process is used for isolating ethanol from the other products of fermentation of sugar?

(iii) Name the organic product of the reaction between ethanol and sodium

(iv). Write the structural formula of 2-chloroethanol.

(c) State the reason why:

(i) benzene produces more soot than ethene on burning in excess air;

(ii) ethanoic acid has a higher boiling point than methanoic acid;

(iii) sodium chloride is used during the manufacture of soap.

(d) Give one use of: (i) ethyne (ii) coal (iii) carbon black

The type of isomerism shown by cis- and trans- isomers is

• A. optical isomerism
• B. positional isomerism
• C. functional isomerism
• D. geometrical isomerism

Which of the following organic compounds is very soluble in water?

• A) CH3COOH
• B) C2H2
• C) C2H4
• D) CH3COOC2H5