Acidic industrial waste can be treated with

• A. lime
• B. brine
• C. water
• D. enthanol

(a)In the laboratory preparation of dry chlorine gas, state the: I. reagents used; II. drying agent III. the mode of collection.

(i) Write the equation for the preparation of chlorine gas. (iii) Write an equation to show how chlorine reacts with hot concentrated NaOH.

(b)i). Name the main raw materials used for the extraction of iron in the blast furnace. (ii) Write the equations of the reactions taking place in the blast furnace.

(iii) What is the name given to the iron obtained directly from the blast furnace? (iv) State why the iron named in 4(b)(iii) have a relatively low melting point?

(c) The following equation represents one of the reaction steps involved in the contact process: 2SO\(_2\) + O\(_2\)? 2SO\(_3\)ΔH = -395.7 kJ mo-l

(i) Why is the SO\(_3\) produced during the reaction not dissolved directly in water to form H\(_2\)SO\(_4\)? (ii) Why is the H\(_2\)SO\(_4\) regarded as a heavy chemical? (iii) State the property exhibited by tetraoxosulphate (VI) acid in each of the following reaction equations.

I. Pb(NO\(_3\))\(_2\) + H\(_2\)SO\(_4\)→ PbSO\(_4\) + 2HNO\(_3\) (d) Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction between propanol and sodium

The gas formed when ammonium trioxonitrate (V) is heated with sodium hydroxide is?

• A. hydrogen
• B. nitrogen (IV) oxide
• C. oxygen
• D. ammonium

Which of the following species is always present in acidified water?

• A. NH⁺⁴
• B. O^2-
• C. HCI
• D. H₃O₊

From the words or group of words lettered A to D, choose the word or group of words that best completes each of the following sentences.

Their shop stocks _____ overwhelming variety of goods.

• A. any
• B. every
• C. an
• D. each

One of the criteria for confirming the purity of benzene is to determine its

• A. heat capacity
• B. boiling point
• C. mass
• D. colour

Sodium reacts vigorously with water to produce

• A. Sodium chloride and oxygen gas
• B. Sodium nitrate and water
• C. Sodium hydroxide and hydrogen gas
• D. Sodium oxide and hydrogen gas

The major source of oxides of nitrogen is from the burning of

• A) coal
• B) wood
• C) fuel
• D) chlrofluorocarbons

a) Define each of the following terms and indicate one use of each:

(i) Nuclear fission; (ii) Nuclear fusion.

(b) Alpha particle emission by \(^{293}_{25}U\) proceduces an element A. Beta particle emission by the particle A produces another element B. Element B also undergoes alpha particle emission to produce \(^{227}_{89}AC\). Write balanced equations to represent the above statement.

(c) The models below represent the filling of orbitals in an atom.

State which rule(s) is/are violated or obeyed by each model.

(d) Explain why the boiling point of H\(_2\)S with relative molecular mass of 34 is lower than that of H\(_2\)O with relative molecular mass of 18.

(e) HCI is passed into each of the following solvents:

(i) water;

(ii) methylbenzene. I. State the effect of each solution on blue litmus paper II. Compare the electrical conductivities of the two solutions.

(f) Zinc dust is added to copper (II) tetraoxosulphate (VI) solution. State;

(i) what is observed; (ii) the type of reaction that occurs.

Starch could be converted to glucose by the process of

• A. Condensation
• B. Dehydration
• C. Fermentation
• D. Hydrolysis