Correct Answer: D. a voluntary action

Explanation

The Cerebrum is known to majorly co-ordinate all the body's voluntary activities like learning, reasoning and intelligence

Correct Answer: A. a group of the same species of organisms living together

Correct Answer: A. Fusion of sperm and egg nuclei

Correct Answer: D. Saliva

Correct Answer: D. Soft, non-segmented

Correct Answer: B. fraternal twins are produced

Explanation

(a) Functions of the mammalian skeleton include:

(I) Supports it posture and provides to the body e.g. backbones/ vertebrae/pelvic girdle

(ii) It gives protection — e.g. ribcage protects heart/lungs/cranium(skull) protects brain/vertebrae protects spinal cord/pelvic girdle protects female reproductive organs.

(iii) The skeleton helps in the production of blood cells — in the bone/marrow of the long bones

(iv) Storage of calcium is also encourage, e.g., in the bone matrix

(v) Movement/locomotion is enhanced. — any of the limb bones

(vi) Breathing movements — Riles

(vii) Attachment of muscles is facilitated — any bone

(viii) Provision of shape-axial skeleton/grindles etc

(b) Bones and muscles bring about movement at the elbow in the following ways:

(i) Bicep and tricep act antagonistically to bring about movement at the elbow. The bicep is attached to the scapula and radius; while the tricep are attached to the scapula and ulna

(ii) Bicep contracts while tricep relaxes to cause bending/flexing of the forearm

(iii) Tricep contracts while bicep relaxes to cause straightening of the forearm.

(c) Support in herbaceous and woody Plants can come in different ways:

(i) Herbaceous Plant:

(1) By turgidity, water is preserved

(2) Due to the presence of water, vacuoles inside parenchyma cells/living cells

(3) Thickening of walls of collenchyma cell (at the corners).

(ii) Woody Plant:

(1) Sclerenchyma in the cortex

(2) By the Xylem strengthened by deposits of lignin in their walls

(2) Secondary growth/thickening provides extensive wood / secondary xylem and bark.

(d) The vitamin and mineral element necessary for healthy bone development are:

(1) Vitamin — D/Calciferol, Vitamin C (forms the cement of bow)

(2) Mineral elements — calcium/phosphorus/magnesium.

Correct Answer: C. Fats

Explanation

Fats and ethanol have the greatest amount of food energy per mass, 37 and 29 kJ/g (8.8 and 6.9 kcal/g), respectively. Proteins and most carbohydrates have about 17 kJ/g (4 kcal/g)

Correct Answer: C. Treponema pallidlum

Explanation

(a)(1)Trait: Characteristic of an organism controlled by pairs of genes.

(ii)Recessive gene: Member of a pair of genes in a genotype, whose characteristics are not manifest in the phenotype / in the presence of its contrasting gene / allele

(iii)Test cross: Mating / exposing of the heterozygous individual of Fl generation, to homozygous recessive parents

(iv)Heterozygous: This refers to the genotype, consisting of two different / contrasting genes / alleles

Blood group of Blood Blood Blood Blood

Offspring Group A Group B Group A Group A

No, the man cannot be-the father of the child.

(c)(i) Test cross: The male rabbit (Brown) is mated with a homozygous white female rabbit, having the recessive trait, f the male is homozygous all the offspring will be brown, if the male is heterozygous half of the offspring will be brown and half white.

(ii) Gamete and somatic chromosome number: The gametes contain half the number of chromosomes / n / haploid number of chromosomes, found in the body / somatic diploid / 2n cell.