Correct Answer: B. I and III only

Correct Answer: A. survey the land

Correct Answer: D. guinea corn

Correct Answer: D. I,II and IV only

Explanation

(a) Meaning of forest reserve: This is an area of land. preserved by law primarily to protect economic and endangered tree species.

(b) Advantages of Taungya System of Farming:

(i) Farmers: Can make use of available fertile land for farming. Improves farmers standard of living. Provides some forest products for farmer's use (e.g. firewood/fuel). Provides adequate employment. Increases farmers knowledge on other areas of agriculture other than food crop production. Increases food production.

(ii) Foresters: Weeds are controlled by the farmers for the forester. Reduction in the cost of establishing a forest reserve. More farmland eventually come under forest cover. There is interdependence of forest trees and crops where legumes are planted.

(c) Description of the life cycle of yam beetle (Hete/roligus metes).

(i) The adult female lays eggs in moist soil under mulch during early planting of yam.

(ii) Eggs hatch into larvae which feed on decaying organic matter.

(iii) The larvae undergo three stages (moulting) before becoming pupae.

(iv) The pupae then moult into adults which attack the tubers.

(d) Advantages of organic fertilizers over inorganic fertilizers:

(i) Organic fertilizers are not easily leached in the soil.

(ii) Improve the soil structure.

(iii) Supply more nutrients.

iv) Are relatively cheaper than inorganic fertilizers.

(v) Nutrients in organic fertilizers are not volatile/have a longer effect on the soil.

(vi) Do not make the soil acidic/have buffering effects on the soil.

(vii) Promote the activities of soil micro-organisms.

(viii) Increase soil microbial population.

(ix) Help to regulate soil temperature.

(e) Varieties of oil palm: (i) Dura (ii) Tenera (iii) Pisifera

Correct Answer: C. nearness to homestead

Correct Answer: D. I,II and III

Explanation

(a) Meaning of communal land tenure system: This is a system in which all the land is regarded as property of the community and held in trust for all members by the accepted head of the community.

(b) Objectives of Agricultural Development Programmes:

(i) Farm settlement schemes:

-To reduce the rate of unemployment among school leavers.

- To make farming attractive to the youth.

-. To teach settlers modern farming practices.

- To develop rural infrastructure including shelter, thus making the rural areas more attractive.

- To reduce rural-urban migration.

- To improve yields and harvest of the settlers thus contributing to Gross Domestic Product (GDP).

-To improve the efficiency of extension agents due to concentration of efforts and facilities.

- To extend its multiplier effects to the surrounding farmers who may visit the settlers of the scheme to learn new techniques (technologies) of farming.

- To solve the problem of land tenure system.

(ii) River Basin Authorities:

- To provide irrigation and drainage facilities through construction of dams and drainage channels all year round for agricultural production.

- To assist in bringing more land under cultivation.

- To increase the total output per farmer with increased net revenue returns.

- To construct feeder roads for project sites to ensure good transportation.

- To improve rural infrastructure generally, thus reducing rural-urban migration.

-To help in the construction of fish ponds to enhance distribution of fingerlings to farmers.

(iii) Agricultural Development Projects:

-To boost agricultural production through the construction of farm service centres for efficient distribution of agricultural inputs.

- To help in construction of rural infrastructure such as feeder roads and earth dams.

-To increase level of extension contact with farmers.

- To bring agricultural services closer to the people in the rural areas.

- To source for and make farm inputs available to farmers.

- To help in the reclamation of degraded agricultural lands.

(c)(i) Distinguish between farm machinery and farm implements: Farm machine devices which are hitched/hooked/attached/connected/mounted onto a machine to accomplish a specific objective/operation on the farm.

(ii) Examples of far implements: Farm mach:machinery and farm Sheller, Dryer, Milling machine, Incubator, Tree puller' Mistblower/Motorised sprayer, Combine harvester: Lawn awn mower Power tiller, Motorised slasher.

Farm Implements: Plough Harrow, Planter/seed drill, Slasher, Baler, Cultivator, Broadcaster (seed/fertilizer), Boom sprayer, Knapsack sprayer, Combined drill' Ridger

Correct Answer: B. arachis hypogaea

Correct Answer: B. I and III only