Correct Answer: D. plough

Correct Answer: B. provision of timber

Correct Answer: D. machine

Correct Answer: B. topographical survey

Explanation

Explanation of pasture management practices under: (a) Land preparation: This involves land clearing, plough-ing, broadcasting of fertilizer and harrowing.

(b) Methods of propagation: This may be by seeds, rhizomes, stolons or runners.

(c) Sowing or planting: In sowing or planting the pasture or seed could be drilled. It could be planted by broadcasting; vegetative material could be also planted.

(d) Fertilizer application: Fertilizer can be applied by broadcasting, or could be added to the irrigation water (fertigation). Another method of application is folial spraying of liquid fertilizer.

(e) Grazing: There should be zero grazing during the first few weeks of establishment or very minimal grazing. Over grazing must be avoided at all times. Rotational grazing should be adopted to forestall build-up of worms and to prevent overgrazing.

(f) Other management practices other than fertilizing and grazing are: Pest or disease control, regular weeding, rouging, avoidance of overstocking of livestock, paddocking, reseeding, burning and irrigation.

Correct Answer: C. sickle

Explanation

(a) Merit of (i) Agriculture: Production of food crops, Production of export crops to earn foreign exchange, Production of livestock feed and forage crops, Provision of income for farmers, Provision of agricultural raw materials for the local industries, Provision of employment, Production of animal (livestock), Fish farming.

(ii) Forestry: Provision of timber for construction and for furniture making, Provision of pulp for paper production, Provision of firewood as a source of fuel for domestic cooking, Provision of wild fruits and vegetables as food, Provision of dye, latex, gum and resin for industrial uses, Erosion control, Improvement of soil fertility, Watershed protection, Provision of medicinal herbs Provision of meat as source of protein, Provision of revenue to the government and income to individuals, Provision of employment, e.g. to the forest guard.

(iii) Wildlife conservation: Prevention of wild life from extinction, Promotion of tourism, Provision of revenue to the government, Promotion of educational and research works on wildlife, Provision of employment, Provision of bush meat, - Encouragement of micro-climate of a locality with respect to rainfall.

(b) The following are non-agricultural uses of land: (i) educational purpose, e.g. schools, (ii) residential purposes, (iii) for industrial or factory use, (iv) recreational purpose. e.g. parks, (v) sports, e.g. stadia, race course, golf course etc (vi) markets, (vii) worship places, e.g. churches, mosques, shrines, (viii) transportation, e.g. railways, airports, (ix) cemeteries, (x) commercial purpose, e.g. banks, warehouse

Correct Answer: C. making measurements on land from which maps are drawn

Correct Answer: D. newcastle disease

Correct Answer: B. acidity