Correct Answer: B) Leaching

Correct Answer: A. overhead irrigation facilities

Correct Answer:

Explanation

Diagram of a carbon Cycle is shown below

(b) Importance of carbon cycle to crops and animals are:

(i) Carbon in the atmosphere is taken up by plants for the production of starch through photosynthesis.

(ii) Plants give out oxygen while animals give out carbon dioxide during the process of respiration thus maintaining the atmospheric level of carbon dioxide and oxygen.

(iii) The released carbon provides the major building block of all organic matter.

Correct Answer: A. parasite

Explanation

(a) Characteristics of Agricultural Non-Governmental Organisation: (i) They are established by private agendas O or corporate bodies concerned with the development of agriculture all over the world. (ii) They are not owned controlled by the government. (iii) They are privately funded. (iv) Their activities cut across many countries with r specific aims of developing improved species of crops and livestock breeds. (v) They are non-profit making. (vi) They do not pay corporate taxes.

(b)(i) Objectives of West Africa Rice Development Agency: (i) To promote the cultivation of rice within the West Africa sub-region. (ii) To develop rice species with high yield. (iii) To develop rice species with high quality. (iv) To produce rice species which can adapt to the climatic condition of West Africa sub-region. (v) To develop disease resistant varieties of rice. (vi) To develop pest resistant varieties of rice. (vii) To develop rice which can meet the nutritional needs of the West Africa sub-region.

(b)(ii) Objectives of International Institute of Tropical Agriculture: (i) To promote the cultivation of food crops such as maize, cowpea, cassava, yam and plantain within the tropics. (ii) To develop high yielding food crops. (iii) To develop food crops with high quality. (iii) To develop food crops that are resistant to diseases. (iv) To develop food crops that can adapt to the climate of tropical countries. (v) To encourage the local farmers to grow the crops approved by the institute. (vi) To improve the methods of processing food crops. (vii) To improve the utilization methods of food crops. (viii) To develop appropriate farming systems for the West Africa sub-region.

(c) Other Non-governmental Organisation involved in Agricultural Development: (i) International Livestock Research Institute/International Livestock Centre for Africa. (ii) International Crop Research Institute for Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT). (iii) International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD). (iv) International Centre for Research in Agro-forestry. (v) Action Aid (vi) ECWA Rural Development (vii) World Vision International (viii) Catholic Relief Service (ix) Hunger Project (Ghana) (x) Adventist Relief Agency (xi) Food and Agricultural Organisation

Correct Answer: B. Sahel savanna

Explanation

Sahel savanna plants/crops requires between 600 - 900mm of rainfall.

Correct Answer: D. fungus

Explanation

(a) Types of individual land tenure systems are: (i) Freehold system: Land can be acquired by purchase and hence can pass from the owner to his heirs. This is usually done around townships. (ii) Leasehold system: Land is held for a fixed known length of time on agreed specified conditions. The owner thus controls the land at the end of the lease period. (iii) By gift system: Land s given out to a beneficiary by the owner willfully as a free gift, an incentive or on goodwill relationship. (iv) Tenancy system: The land user is a tenant to the landowner or landlord. The land user is qualified to use the Land as long as he fulfills the tenancy agreement. Such agreement could be payment of rent in cash or use of land as collateral for loan or sharing of output between the landowner and land user. (v) Tenancy at the will of government The land is owned by or has been acquired by government and any one using it does so at the will of government. (vi) Inheritance system: Land, which is owned by a great ancestor, is transferred within the family from generation to generation.

(b) Advantages of the land use act are: (i) It has made land acquisition relatively easier for new entrants into agriculture. (ii) It has reduced the number and frequency of court cases over land ownership. (iii) It has facilitated borrowing of capital for further investment in agriculture. (iv) Availability of and provision for large land holdings which encourages large scale agriculture (v) It prevents fragmentation of land since land acquired under the decree cannot be shared into bits (vi) Reduction in boundary disputes since survey of acquired land is mandatory for occupancy right be granted. Disadvantages of the land use act are: (i) It leads to escalation in the cost of land survey. (ii) Land acquisition process has become bureaucratic and often meets with bottlenecks (iii) It has impoverished communities whose main assets were their lands. (iv) It has encouraged dishonesty through illegal sale and backdating of ownership or title deeds after 1978. (v) Land is not necessarily allocated to every potential agricultural developer. (vi) Land may be acquired by influential people for non-agricultural purpose

Correct Answer: D. Delivering agricultural education and training to farmers

Explanation

The role of agricultural extension officers in the field of agriculture is primarily to deliver agricultural education and training to farmers. Agricultural extension officers work closely with farmers, providing them with information, knowledge, and technical expertise to improve their farming practices. They facilitate the transfer of scientific research and technology to farmers, helping them adopt modern and sustainable agricultural practices.

Correct Answer: D. yam