Correct Answer: (A) spoke

Correct Answer: (A) 640

Explanation

To find the value of the Roman numeral DCXL, break it down into its components:

• D = 500

• C = 100

* DC = 500 + 100 = 600

• XL = 50 - 10 = 40

Adding them together:

DCXL = 600 + 40 = 640

Therefore, the correct answer is (A) 640.

Correct Answer: B. There cannot occur commercial services unitl goods have been produced

Correct Answer: C. contraband

Explanation

Let's look at the meaning of each word:

• A. Encyclopaedia: A comprehensive reference work containing articles on a wide range of subjects, often arranged alphabetically. (Relates to organized knowledge/books)

• B. Catalogue: A complete list of items, often arranged systematically with descriptive details (e.g., a library catalogue lists books). (Relates to organized information/books)

• C. Contraband: Goods that have been imported or exported illegally, or goods whose possession is illegal. (Relates to illegal goods)

• D. Bibliography: A list of books or articles referred to in a scholarly work, or a list of works by a particular author or on a particular subject. (Relates to lists of books/written works)

Words A, B, and D all relate to the organization, listing, or collection of written information or books.

Word C, contraband, refers to illegal goods and has no connection to books or information management.

Therefore, C. contraband does not belong.

Explanation

(i) Sewage : Waste matter/ feaces, urine, waste water from animals/industrial/domestic sources; that is dissolved/ suspended in water.

(ii) Effects of releasing untreated sewage into a stagnant water body;

• Spread of water-borne diseases/correctly named diseases/microbes/pathogens
• May be toxic/poisonous to aquatic life/organisms
• Makes water unfit for consumption/use
• Increased decomposition
• Increased concentration of nutrients
• Rapid growth of algae/aquatic plants/algal bloom/eutrophication
• Depletion of oxygen
• Suffocation/death of aquatic animals
• Generates offensive odour/air pollution
• Nutrient/nitrate/phosphate enrichment/accumulation in a water body; as a result of breakdown by bacteria.

(b) Surface terracing as a soil conservation method :

A method of controlling erosion on a gentle/steep slope of hill; flat horizontal areas are constructed on which crops are cultivated; following the contour; steps/walls are built along the contous; plughing is also done along the contours; reduces the speed of water running down the slopes.

(c)Adaptation: Is the possession of the characteristic/trait/behaviour/structure/feature; that evolved over a period of time; enable an organism to survive and reproduce; in response to changes in the environment/habitat.

(d) Adaptation of;

(i) Hydrophytes

1. Some hydrophytes lack/have reduced roots/root hairs/root caps
2. do not need firm anchorage in water/wetland
3. presence of large air space parenchyma in roots/leaves; provide support for buoyancy
4. Presence of hairs on the leaves; to prevent blockage of the stomata
5. stomatal pores; occur only at the upper epidermis of the leaves to aid transpiration/loss of water
6. numerous adventitious roots and root hairs; aid the absorption of water/mineral salts
7. small size of the plant; for buoyancy/floating in water
8. waxy upper surface of the leaf; to prevent clogging of the leaf by water
9. long petiole/leaf stalk to support/ expose the broad lamina for photosynthesis
10. long flower stalk/pedicel; to expose flower for pollination/ pollinating agents
11. presence of breathing roots/pneumatophores; for breathing/gaseous exchange.

Xerophytes

1. possession of thick succulent leaves/stem; for storing water
2. reduction of leaves to spines; to reduce water loss/rate of transpiration
3. thick waxy cuticle on epidermis; to reduce water-loss/transpiration
4. possession of long tap root system; tp obtain water from great depth of soil
5. presence of sunken stomata; to reduce water loss
6. reduced number of stomata; to prevent excessive water loss
7. possession of multiple epidermal layers; for water conservation/to reduce water loss.

Correct Answer: C. 6.7%

Correct Answer: D. Decision on the amount of tax to pay

Correct Answer: B. 2

Explanation

\(a * b = a^{2} + b + ab\)

\(5 * x = 5^{2} + x + 5x = 37\)

\(25 + 6x = 37 \implies 6x = 12\)

\(x = 2\)

Correct Answer: B. rebelled against Babylon

Correct Answer: C. Durability