Explanation

During the time of Uthman, by which time Islam had spread far and wide, differences in reading the Quran in different dialects of Arabic language became obvious. A group of companions, headed by Hudhayfah ibn al-Yaman, who was then stationed in Iraq, came to Uthman and urged him to 'save the Muslim ummah before they differ about the Quran' . Uthman obtained the complete manuscript of the Qur'an from Hafsah, one of the wives of the Islamic prophet Muhammad who had been entrusted to keep the manuscript ever since the Qur'an was comprehensively compiled by the first Caliph, Abu Bakr. Uthman then again summoned the leading compiling authority, Zayd ibn Thabit, and some other companions to make copies of the manuscript. Zayd was put in charge of the task. The style of Arabic dialect used was that of the Quraysh tribe to which the Prophet Muhammad belonged. Hence this style was emphasized over all others. Zayd and his assistants produced several copies of the manuscript of the Qur'an. One of each was sent to every Muslim province with the order that all other Quranic materials, whether fragmentary or complete copies, be destroyed. As such, when the standard copies were made widely available to the Muslim community everywhere, then all other material was burnt voluntarily by the Muslim community themselves. The annihilation of these extra-Qur'anic documents remained essential in order to eradicate scriptural incongruities, contradictions of consequence or differences in the dialect from the customary text of the Qur'an. The Caliph Uthman kept a copy for himself and returned the original manuscript to Hafsah

Correct Answer: B. Lappidoth

Correct Answer: A. -2

Explanation

when n = 2

(-1)\(^{n-2}\) 2\(^{n+1}\) = 2

When n = 3

(-1)\(^{n-2}\) 2\(^{n+1}\) = -4

Sum = 2 - 4 = -2

Correct Answer: D) functional organization structure

Explanation

In a functional organization structure, departments are organized based on functions or areas of expertise. Each department is led by a specialist who has deep knowledge and experience in that particular function. For example, there may be a finance department led by a finance expert, a marketing department led by a marketing expert, and so on.

This structure ensures that each department is led by someone who has specialized knowledge and skills in that area. It allows for better coordination and decision-making within each department, as the leader understands the specific challenges and requirements of the function.

Therefore, the correct answer to this question is option D: functional organization structure.

Correct Answer: A. surrendered himself to be swallowed by the fish

Correct Answer: B. Phytoplankton population decreases while fish yield increases

Correct Answer: D. chitin

Explanation

Fungal cells have cell walls composed of chitin, a polysaccharide similar in structure to cellulose.

Correct Answer: B. Temperature

Correct Answer: A. reducing sugar

Correct Answer: D. 12/5

Explanation

\(\cos \theta = \frac{5}{13}\)

\(\implies\) In the right- angled triangle, with an angle \(\theta\), the adjacent side to \(\theta\) = 5 and the hypotenuse = 13.

\(\therefore 13^2 = opp^2 + 5^2\)

\(opp^2 = 169 - 25 = 144 \implies opp = \sqrt{144}\)

= 12.

\(\tan \theta = \frac{opp}{adj} = \frac{12}{5}\)