Correct Answer: B. tridax procumbens

Correct Answer: A. found in sedimentary rocks

Correct Answer: C. N90,600

Correct Answer: C. who called them is holy

Correct Answer: D. downgraded

Correct Answer: C. Polonius

Correct Answer: A. meandered

Explanation

(a) A tax is a compulsory levy imposed by the government on individuals and firms.

(b)(i) Equity / Ability to Pay:It is fair to assume that those who have the greatest wealth or the highest in-come should pay higher. This implies that revenue should be raised without causing undue hardship to the tax payer.

(ii) The Revenue yield:From the standpoint of the government, the total revenue that tax yields is of considerable importance. Governments are comfortable with . taxes that provide a fairly predictable and steady in-come.

(iii)Economy: Consideration must be given to the cost of collecting a tax, since high cost incurred in administering a tax may make it uneconomical for both the tax payer and the government.

(iv) Neutrality:An important consideration in evaluating tax is how the tax affects production, savings and people's willingness to work. A good tax system should not interfere unnecessarily with the supply and demand for goods and services.

(v)Convenience: The method and time of payment should be convenient to the tax payers.

(vi) Benefits - Received principle:It is argued that those who benefit most from government supplied goods or services should pay the taxes necessary for their financing. For example petrol taxes are typically ear-marked for financing road construction and repairs. Toil gates. etc.

(vii)Certainty: Governments and the tax payers should know about the amount, time, method of tax payments with certainty.

(viii) Flexibility: The tax system should be flexible enough for adjustments when the need arises.

(ix) Simplicity:Taxation should not be difficult to administer and understand. It should not cause problems of differences in interpretation.

Explanation

- The Profession of Faith,; The Shahada

The Profession of Faith, the shahada, is the most fundamental expression of Islamic beliefs. It simply states that "There is no God but God and Muhammad is his prophet." It underscores the monotheistic nature of Islam. It is an extremely popular phrase in Arabic calligraphy and appears in numerous manuscripts and religious buildings.

- Daily Prayers; Salat

Muslims are expected to pray five times a day. This does not mean that they need to attend a mosque to pray; rather, the salat, or the daily prayer, should be recited five times a day. Muslims can pray anywhere; however, they are meant to pray towards Mecca. The faithful pray by bowing several times while standing and then kneeling and touching the ground or prayer mat with their foreheads, as a symbol of their reverence and submission to Allah. On Friday, many Muslims attend a mosque near midday to pray and to listen to a sermon, khutba.

- Alms-Giving; Zakat

The giving of alms is the third pillar. Although not defined in the Qu'ran, Muslims believe that they are meant to share their wealth with those less fortunate in their community of believers.

- Fasting during Ramadan; Saum

During the holy month of Ramadan, the ninth month in the Islamic calendar, Muslims are expected to fast from dawn to dusk. While there are exceptions made for the sick, elderly, and pregnant, all are expected to refrain from eating and drinking during daylight hours.

- Pilgrimage to Mecca; Hajj

All Muslims who are able are required to make the pilgrimage to Mecca and the surrounding holy sites at least once in their lives. Pilgrimage focuses on visiting the Kaaba and walking around it seven times. Pilgrimage occurs in the 12th month of the Islamic Calendar.

Correct Answer: B. 2:1