Correct Answer: B. fax machine

Explanation

(a) An ecosystem;is a natural unit in which there is an interaction between all living organisms (biotic factors) and non-living organisms (abiotic factors) within an environment or habitat.

(b) Abiotic factors that affect plants and animals are: inorganic compounds or elements, e.g. O\(_2\), N\(_2\), salts, CO\(_2\) , H\(_2\)O etc; water/rainfall; temperature; light/ sunlight; wind; altitude; pressure; moisture/humidity; pH; wildfire/thunder and lightning

(c) Effects of abiotic factors include:

(i) Temperature:

(1) high temperature leads to high transpiration rate in plants/ aestivation and hibernation in animals

(2) High rate of metabolism in organisms

(3) a high rate of decay of organic matter

(4) a higher rate of growth and shorter length of life cycle in some organisms, e.g. housefly and toad

(5) at very low temperature plant roots absorb water at slower rates leading to reduction in the rate of transpiration and metabolism of organisms

(6) at low temperature, animals, e.g. snails may hibernate., birds migrate.

(ii) Rainfall:

(1) makes water available to organisms (plants and animals)

(2) quantity of rainfall determines type of vegetation in a habitat

(3) vegetation in turn influences types of animals that will live there

(4) rainfall, splash or floods may dislodge organisms

(5) rainfall increases relative humidity which may affect the rate of transpiration and perspiration in plants and animals respectively

(6) rainfall causes soil erosion which deprives plants of soil nutrients

(7) may form puddles or ponds thereby creating habitats or breeding ground for certain terrestrial organisms

(iii) Wind:

(1) steady wind increases rate of evaporation, transpiration and desiccation for animals

(2) strong wind causes soil erosion which affects living organisms

(3) strong wind breaks off branches of trees, fell trees or bend them, and force animals out of cover

(4) aids dispersal of organisms

(5) aids pollination

(iv) Light:

(1) intensity of sunlight affects plants by affecting rate of photosynthesis

(2) affects the rate of transpiration and stomata opening

(3) adequate sunlight promotes growth of many plant species

(4) low light leads to growth of shade tolerant species

(5) light affects the vision/movement of animals

(6) light affects the distribution of organisms in habitat.

(v) Pressure/Altitude:

(1) at high altitude, pressure decreases and animals have problems with respiration and blood pressure

(2) at high altitude, temperatures decrease while wind action increases, and this affects the distribution of organisms

(3) at high altitudes, only animals with special hemoglobin are found in the environment

(4) altitude may affect speciation

(5) altitude may affect the behavioral pattern of animals.

(vi) Inorganic Compounds:

(1) used by organisms (plants and animals) to maintain growth and sustain life

(2) 02 for respiration

(3) CO2 for photosynthesis

(4) N2/Nitrates promote plant growth

(5) H2O for growth and maintenance of body temperature

(6) PO for protein synthesis

(7) SO4\(_2\) for plant growth.

(vii) Humidity:

(1) affects rate of transpiration and perspiration

(2) affects the vision of animals through the formation of fog or mist

(3) affects the activities of poikilothermic animals

(4) affects the distribution of organisms, e.g. earthworms; bryophytes, e.g. liverworts etc.

(viii)Wildfire/Thunder and Lightning:

(1) destroys organisms, vegetation and animals

(2) displaces organisms (animals) from their habitat

Correct Answer: D. \(\frac{1}{36}\)

Explanation

P(c and e) = \(P(c) \times P(e)\)

P(3) = \(\frac{1}{6}\)

P(5) = \(\frac{1}{6}\)

P(3 and 5) = \frac{1}{6} \times \frac{1}{6} = \frac{1}{36}\)

Correct Answer: B. \(x^{2} + y^{2} + 6x + 16y - 23 = 0\)

Explanation

Equation of a circle: \((x - a)^{2} + (y - b)^{2} = r^{2}\)

where (a, b) and r are the coordinates of the centre and radius respectively.

Given : \((a, b) = (-3, -8); r = 4\sqrt{6}\)

\((x - (-3))^{2} + (y - (-8))^{2} = (4\sqrt{6})^{2}\)

\(x^{2} + 6x + 9 + y^{2} + 16y + 64 = 96\)

\(x^{2} + y^{2} + 6x + 16y + 9 + 64 - 96 = 0\)

\(\implies x^{2} + y^{2} + 6x + 16y - 23 = 0\)

Explanation

Practices which can bring about high yields from a fish pond include:

(a) Deweeding: This is the removal of weedy pond. It allows the dissolution of oxygen in water and the penetration of sunlight to the bottom of pond which aids the growth of fish food (planktons). It also prevents the built up of pests and diseases.

(b) Desilting: This is the remove of l silts from water to make the water to be clean. It promotes easy movement of fish within the water and prevent Pollution of water.

(c) Supplementary feeding (i) It ensures the availability of balance feed for the fish and ensure'. rapid growth of fish. It promotes multiplication of fish through reproduction.

(d) Fertilization: It ensures the availability of nutrients for the growth of planktons and increases the rapid growth of fish

Correct Answer: C. Local Government Council

Correct Answer: B. central banks

Correct Answer: B. Cl₂ + 2NaF → 2NaCI + F₂

Correct Answer: D) living creatures

Explanation

On the fifth day of creation, God created living creatures according to the Christian belief. This can be found in the book of Genesis in the Bible. The other options listed in the question are not correct.

Option A, the firmament, was created on the second day while option B, the two great lights, were created on the fourth day. Option C, water under the heavens, was created on the third day.

It is important to note that the creation story in the book of Genesis is a symbolic representation of the origin of the world and is not meant to be taken literally. It is a fundamental part of Christian belief that God is the creator of all things.

Understanding the story of creation is important for Christians as it helps them to appreciate the power and majesty of God and to understand their place in the world. It also teaches them about the importance of caring for the environment and all living creatures.

Correct Answer: A. Babylonians