a. Starting with calcium chloride, describe briefly how a solid sample of calcium trioxocarbonate (IV) can be prepared in the laboratory.

b. With relevant equations outline the procedure for the purification of impure copper.

c. Copper reacts with concentrated trioxonitrate (V) acid: i. write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction;

ii. state what would be observed in the reaction,

iii. state why the copper is oxidized;

iv. an excess of copper is added to 25.0 \(cm^3\) of 16.0 mol \(dm^3\) \(HNO_3\). Calculate the volume of the gas formed at s.t.p. [H=1.0, N=14.0, O= 16.0, Cu=63.0; Molar volume of gas at .s.t.p.=22.4 \(dm^3\)]

di. Pure \(HNO_3\), is a colourless liquid but when exposed to air, it turns yellowish-brown in colour. Explain briefly this observation.

ii. Write a balanced equation for the laboratory preparation of hydrogen trioxonitrate (V) acid.

In the question below, fill the gap with the most appropriate option: Ali is crying because his mother was killed in a .... accident

• A. motor
• B. traffic
• C. motor vehicle
• D. road

Which of the following features is not a characteristic of a good layer

• A. Bright red comb and wattle
• B. Long and curved beak
• C. Bright and bulging eyes
• D. Broad and flexible pelvic bone

A body of mass 12kg traveling at 4.2ms^-1 collides with a second body of mass 18kg at rest. Calculate their common velocity if the two bodies coalesce after collision

• A) 1.5 m/s
• B) 1.4 m/s
• C) 2.1 m/s
• D) 1.7 m/s

On exposure to the atmosphere, a hydrated salt loses its water of crystallization to become anhydrous. This phenomenon is referred to as

• A) efflorescence
• B) diliquescence
• C) hygroscopy
• D) hydrolysis

After the following sentence, a list of possible interpretations is given. Choose the interpretation that is most appropriate for the sentence.

Akin is too full of himself. This means that Akin

• A. Talks too much
• B. eats too much
• C. is too proud
• D. is quite annoying

(a) State two conditions under which photo-electrons can be emitted from the surface of a metal.

(b) List two particle characteristics of electromagnetic waves.

The features shown North of Abu is

• A. A spur
• B. A col
• C. A ridge
• D. An embankment

Which of the following is not typical submarine relief feature?

• A. Roche moutonnee
• B. Continental shelf
• C. Deep sea plain
• D. Continental slope

In grasshopper/cockroach digestion starts from the

• A. oesophagus
• B. crop
• C. gizzard
• D. mouth