Correct Answer: D) differ only by a proton

Explanation

The question is asking which of the given options best describes the relationship between an acid and its conjugate base. The correct answer is Option D: an acid and its conjugate base differ only by a proton. This means that an acid can lose its proton to become its conjugate base, and its conjugate base can gain a proton to become the original acid.

It is important to note that the other options are not correct. Option A is incorrect because an acid and its conjugate base can have the same charge, depending on the specific acid and base involved. Option B is incorrect because a hydroxide ion (OH-) is not involved in the relationship between an acid and its conjugate base. Option C is incorrect because an electron is not involved in the transfer of a proton between an acid and its conjugate base.

Understanding the relationship between acids and bases is important in Chemistry, as it is the basis for the concept of pH and acid-base reactions. For more information, please see the recommended textbooks.

Correct Answer: B. (a - b)(m - n)

Explanation

am + bn - an - bm

am - an - bm + bn

a(m - n) - b(m - n)

(a - b)(m - n)

Correct Answer: C. They are highly vital to the exploration of metals

Correct Answer: B. political consideration

Correct Answer: D. KClO₃

Correct Answer: D. Crayopsis

Correct Answer: C. political stability in West Africa

Correct Answer: D. Ezra

Correct Answer: D. work of fiction tracing the adventures of a scoundrel of low birth

Explanation

(a)(i) Explanation of malnutrition in animal production: Malnutrition is an unhealthy condition caused by feeding farm animals on wrong kinds of ration, on inadequate feed, or even on too much feed. OR Malnutrition occurs when animal fails to utilize food nutrients because of ill-health, even though the nutrients may be available in the feed.

(ii) Effects of malnutrition on farm animals: Slow or retarded growth. Loss of weight/emaciation. Low production/ reduced egg laying in birds/decrease in milk production in cow, etc. High mortality rate in young animals. High susceptibility to disease attack. Physical deformities such as rickets, osteomalacia, etc.

(b) Methods of rangeland improvement: (i) Rotational grazing: Rangeland is divided into units called paddocks. Animals are grazed on each paddock on rotational basis. Grazing in the rangeland should be planned and strictly adhered to. The previously grazed paddock should regenerate before the animals are returned there.

(ii) Reseeding: This is planting seeds of grasses and legumes in a depleted rangeland. It is a way to improve the quality of the pasture with improved seeds of legumes and grasses. The rangeland is allowed to rest for good growth of the sown grass and legume species.

(iii) Controlled stocking: Number of animals in the range should be controlled. Rangeland should be stocked to its maximum carrying capacity. Over-stocking should be avoided to check depletion of rangeland, Over-stocking should be discouraged to prevent disease, pest and parasite infestations. Over-stocking may lead to soil degradation/erosion.

(c) Objectives of animal improvement programmes in West Africa: The objectives are to: (i) improve the quality of the products.(ii) increase livestock production (iii) increase feed utilization efficiency, (iv) increase resistance to diseases,. (v) improve prolificacy in animals, (vi) improve on the body conformation of animals. (vii) increase tolerance to pests. (viii) increase adaptation to climatic conditions. (ix) upgrade the existing stock.