Explanation

The Central Bank exercises control over commercial banks in the following ways:

(i) Open market operation: The Central bank applies open market operations with a view to regulating the volume of money in circulation. By this operation, the central bank purchases or sells government securities to the commercial banks.

(ii) Special directives:This is issued to commercial banks to restrict or liberalize their loan policy to business men.

(iii) Bank rate:The bank rate is the rate of interest charged by the central bank for discounting bills. The Central Bank controls the commercial banks by raising or lowering the bank rate as the need arises.

(iv) Moral suasion:The Central Bank sometimes engages in friendly dialogue with the other banks in order to agree on how banking activities are to be carried out. It is a gentle appeal made by the central bank to the commercial banks to restrict their expansion of credit to the public and to be selective in their lending operations.

(v) Cash ratio:The commercial banks are required by law to keep a specified proportion of their total deposits with the Central Bank in the form of bank reserves, usually 25% of their total deposits. The size of the reserve can be raised or lowered according to the economic exigencies of the country.

(vi) Special deposits:The Central Bank has the right to require the other banks to make special deposits with it. This type of forced deposits has the effect of limiting the liquid cash available to the banks for other operations.

Correct Answer: C. tupping

Explanation

The process of mating in sheep is termed tupping. Choice C is correct.

Explanation

(a) The missing percEntages for

Motor 9444200 x 100= 46.7%

202,320,00 1

Miscellaneous 20040000 x100 = 9.9%

202,320,000 1

(b)(i)

(B) (ii) Disadvantages of percentage bar graph.

(i) The actual value of individual components cannot be denied from the graph.

(ii) There is difficulty in calculating the percentages of the component parts.

(iii) Wrong calculating of a component part will affect the other parts.

(iv) Comparison of the actual values of the components is difficult.

(v) Where extreme value is wide, some of the component parts cannot be drawn, e.g. 0.1%.

(C) The alternative methods are

(a) Pie chart or divided circle.

(b) Simple bar graph.

(c) Divided bar graph

Correct Answer: B. 4.3

Explanation

Using the sine rule

\(\frac{|QR|}{sinP}=\frac{|PQ|}{sinR}\\

\frac{x}{sin43^o}=\frac{5}{sin53^o}\\

x = \frac{5\times sin43^o}{sin53^o}\\

=\frac{5\times 0.6820}{0.7986}\\

=4.3\)

Explanation

(a) The capital market is a financial market In which funds for medium and long term Investments are borrowed or lent.

(b)(i)Shares. These are financial Instruments utilized in the capital market for long term investments. A share is the portion of a limited liability company owned by an investor

(ii)Bonds. This is a long term financial security used to source for funds Bonds may be issued by firms, financial institutions or governments. Bonds issued by the government are generally regarded as very safe.

(iii)Treasury certificates: These are government financial securities which mature after a year. They are issued by the government through the central bank to either borrow or lend money in the capital market.

(iv)Debentures:These are secured loans raised by a company usually With fixed interests and some times fixed redemption dates.

Correct Answer: A. he volume of the thoracic cavity increases

Explanation

(a) \(p(head) = p = \frac{1}{2}; p(tail) = q = \frac{1}{2}\)

\((p + q)^{8} = p^{8} + 8p^{7} q + 28p^{6} q^{2} + 56p^{5} q^{3} + 70p^{4} q^{4} + 56p^{3} q^{5} + 28p^{2} q^{6} + 8pq^{7} + q^{8}\)

(i) p(exactly 8 heads) = \(p^{8} = (\frac{1}{2})^{8} = \frac{1}{256}\)

(ii) p(5 heads) = \(56p^{5} q^{3} = 56(\frac{1}{2})^{5} (\frac{1}{2})^{3} = \frac{7}{32}\)

p(6 heads) = \(28p^{6} q^{2} = 28(\frac{1}{2})^{6} (\frac{1}{2})^{2} = \frac{7}{64}\)

p(7 heads) = \(8p^{7} q = 8(\frac{1}{2})^{7} (\frac{1}{2}) = \frac{1}{32}\)

p(at least 5 heads) = \(\frac{7}{32} + \frac{7}{64} + \frac{1}{32} + \frac{1}{256} = \frac{93}{256}\)

(iii) p(at most 1 head) = p(0 head) + p(1 head)

p(0 head) = \(q^{8} = (\frac{1}{2})^{8} = \frac{1}{256}\)

p(1 head) = \(8p q^{7} = 8(\frac{1}{2})(\frac{1}{2})^{7} = \frac{8}{256}\)

p(at most 1 head) = \(\frac{1}{256} + \frac{8}{256} = \frac{9}{256}\)

(b) The word SHEEP has 5 letters, two of which are identical.

(i) Hence 4 letters from the word SHEEP can be arranged in \(\frac{^{5} P_{4}}{2!}\) ways.

= \(\frac{5 \times 4 \times 3 \times 2 \times 1}{2 \times 1} = 60\).

(ii) The two Es are identical. If one of them are taken, there are 4 letters to be arranged in \(^{4} P_{4}\) ways.

= \(\frac{4!}{(4 - 4)!} = 4! = 24\).

Correct Answer: B. Octave

Explanation

The sonnet is split in two groups: the octave (of 8 lines) and the sestet (of 6 lines), for a total of 14 lines. The octave (the first 8 lines) typically introduces the theme or problem using a rhyme scheme of ABBAABBA

Correct Answer: D. haemolysis

Correct Answer: D. you reveal your own position