Explanation

(a) Organs of the Economic Community of West Africa States (ECOWAS) are:

(i) The Authority of Heads of State and Government.

(ii) The Council of Ministers

(iii) The Executive Secretariat.

(iv) The Tribunal of the Community.

(v) The Technical and Specialised Commission.

(b) The obstacle that hinders the implementation of the aims and objectives of the ECOWAS are:

(i) Poor infrastructures in member states.

(ii) Political instability in member states.

(iii) Inadequate human and material resources in the sub-region.

(iv) Polarization of member states of ECOWAS into Anglophone and Francophone blocs.

(v) Affinity to former colonial masters

(vi) Fear of domination of the smaller states by the bigger members.

(vii) The reluctance/inability of some member states to contribute their dues.

(viii) Difference in languages has greatly militated against the efficient functioning of the community.

(ix) Uneven development of member states

(x) Absence of a common currency

(xi) Foreign intervention in the domestic affairs of member states.

(xii) Border disputes e.g. Ghana/Togo, Sierra Leone and Guinea.

(xiii) Refugee problem.

(xiv) Production of similar products inhibits inter-state trade.

Correct Answer: C. 2013

Correct Answer: A. explicit cost

Explanation

Explicit costs are direct payments incurred by a firm in the course of running a business. These are costs actual and physical costs incurred by a firm. Examples of explicit costs include wages, lease payments, utilities, raw materials, and other direct costs.

Correct Answer: A. production of goods

Correct Answer: C. north and north

Correct Answer: D. lack of good programmes

Correct Answer: D. Intermediates

Explanation

In a chemical reaction, intermediates are the chemical species that are formed during the reaction but are subsequently consumed in further steps, leading to the final products. They are transient species that exist momentarily during the reaction process and are not present in the initial reactants or the final products of the overall reaction.

Correct Answer: C. the Sanhedrin

Correct Answer: A. driver

Correct Answer: C) i only

Explanation

To determine which of these compounds will dissolve in water to give an alkaline solution, we need to understand the properties of each compound and how they behave when they dissolve in water.

i. \(NaHCO_3\)

Sodium bicarbonate, also known as baking soda, is a weak base. When it dissolves in water, it forms a basic solution. The reaction can be represented as follows:

\(NaHCO_3 + H_2O \rightarrow Na^+ + OH^- + H_2CO_3\)

The presence of hydroxide ions (\(OH^-\) in the solution indicates that it is alkaline in nature.

ii. \(NaHSO_4\)

Sodium hydrogen sulfate, also known as sodium bisulfate, is an acidic salt. When it dissolves in water, it forms an acidic solution. The reaction can be represented as follows:

\(NaHSO_4 + H_2O \rightarrow Na^+ + H_3O^+ + HSO_4^-\)

The presence of hydronium ions (\(H_3O^+\) in the solution indicates that it is acidic in nature.

iii. \(NaCl\)

Sodium chloride, also known as table salt, is a neutral salt. When it dissolves in water, it forms a neutral solution. The reaction can be represented as follows:

\(NaCl \rightarrow Na^+ + Cl^-\)

There are no hydroxide ions (\(OH^-\) or hydronium ions (\(H_3O^+\) formed in this reaction, indicating that the solution is neither acidic nor alkaline.

Therefore, the correct answer isOption C: i only, as only sodium bicarbonate (\(NaHCO_3\) dissolves in water to give an alkaline solution.