Explanation

Roles of civil societies in promoting popular participation

(I)Promotion of democratic values

(ii) Promotion of political participation

(iii) Resolution of conflicts

(iv) Checking government excesses

(v) Facilitate democratic process

(vi) Promotion of healthy lifestyle

(vii) Serve as a source of information to government

(viii) They fight corruption

(ix) Monitor conduct of elections

(x) The use of demonstrations

Correct Answer: A. Its valley has become shallow due to the deposition of alluvium

Explanation

(a) The non-flamable nature and the high density of carbon (IV) oxkfe makes it suitable for extinguishing fires.

(b) The cation exchange resin is a complex substance which has its cation part capable of being replaced by the calcium ion (Ca\(^{2+}\)) from the hard water run over the resin. The water running out of the resin column is the softened water

Correct Answer: C. medicine

Correct Answer: C. Jupiter

Explanation

(a)

(b) From the above diagram,

\(\sin 37° = \frac{5}{|LM|}\)

\(|LM| = \frac{5}{\sin 37}\)

\(|LM| = \frac{5}{0.6018}\)

= \(8.308 m\)

\(\approxeq 8.31 m\)

\(\cos 37 = \frac{|AM|}{|LM|}\)

\(|AM| = 8.308 \times \cos 37\)

\(|AM| = 8.308 \times 0.7986\)

\(|AM| = 6.6348 m\)

(c) The new |AM| = 6.6348 m - 2 = 4.6348 m

\(\cos y = \frac{4.6348}{8.308}\)

\(\cos y = 0.5579\)

\(y = \cos^{-1} (0.5579)\)

\(y = 56.089°\)

\(y = 56°\) (to the nearest degree).

Explanation

During the time of Uthman, by which time Islam had spread far and wide, differences in reading the Quran in different dialects of Arabic language became obvious. A group of companions, headed by Hudhayfah ibn al-Yaman, who was then stationed in Iraq, came to Uthman and urged him to 'save the Muslim ummah before they differ about the Quran' . Uthman obtained the complete manuscript of the Qur'an from Hafsah, one of the wives of the Islamic prophet Muhammad who had been entrusted to keep the manuscript ever since the Qur'an was comprehensively compiled by the first Caliph, Abu Bakr. Uthman then again summoned the leading compiling authority, Zayd ibn Thabit, and some other companions to make copies of the manuscript. Zayd was put in charge of the task. The style of Arabic dialect used was that of the Quraysh tribe to which the Prophet Muhammad belonged. Hence this style was emphasized over all others. Zayd and his assistants produced several copies of the manuscript of the Qur'an. One of each was sent to every Muslim province with the order that all other Quranic materials, whether fragmentary or complete copies, be destroyed. As such, when the standard copies were made widely available to the Muslim community everywhere, then all other material was burnt voluntarily by the Muslim community themselves. The annihilation of these extra-Qur'anic documents remained essential in order to eradicate scriptural incongruities, contradictions of consequence or differences in the dialect from the customary text of the Qur'an. The Caliph Uthman kept a copy for himself and returned the original manuscript to Hafsah

Correct Answer: A. healing of the lame man at the gate called Beautiful

Correct Answer: B. 65°

Explanation

< UQR = 29° (alternate angles)

< PQR = < PQU + < UQR

= 36° + 29°

= 65°

Correct Answer: D. zakat