Explanation

a. Factors to be considered by Mr. Touray in locating his shop

(i)Availability of capital:He must consider the amount of money at his disposal for payment of rent, fixtures and stocking of the products.

(ii)Nearness to customers:He must locate his shop where there is demand for his goods.

(iii)Sources of supply of products - The location his shop should be very close to where he can obtain goods with ease.

(iv)Nature of goods: The nature of goods is equally important whether it will be for example, Children's items or foodstuff.

(v)Level of competition:He should consider the number of other traders in the same line of business in the location.

(vi)Accessibility: He should consider the availability of accessible roads to his business premises.

(vii)Government policy: He should consider government policy if any, with regards to location of such business.

(viii) Availability of infrastructure: He should consider the availability of infrastructure such as water and electricity to support the business.

b. Ways a wholesaler can aid Mr. Touray business

(i) All information and advice about the goods and services are gathered from the producers by the wholesalers and then forwarded to Mr. Touray.

(ii) The wholesaler could create awareness of the goods by advertising them and engaging in sales promotion on behalf of Mr. Touray.

(iii) The wholesaler could help Mr. Touray by stocking varieties of goods produced or bought from different manufactures.

(iv) The wholesaler will buy in large quantity and sell in small units to Mr. Touray.

(v) The wholesaler could grant credit facilities to Mr. Touray in order to enable him stock assorted goods at a time.

(vi) The sorting, grading and packaging of goods could be done by the wholesaler to facilitate Mr. Touray's purchases.

(vii) The wholesaler could convey goods to Mr. Touray's shop at no extra cost.

(viii) By storing the goods in the warehouses for some time, this helps to stabilize prices to the advantage of Mr. Touray.

(ix) The wholesaler could sell at a discount to encourage him to buy more and make profit.

Correct Answer: A. region of darkness and death

Correct Answer: A. organic matter

Correct Answer: D. wind deposition

Explanation

(a) Difference between subsistence agriculture and commercial agriculture

Subsistence Agriculture

• Production is mainly for family consumption
• Less capital is required
• Uses family labour/unskilled labour
• Use of local breeds of animals
• Use of local crop varieties
• Hardly use agro-chemicals/Cultural methods are used to control pests and diseases
• Records are rarely kept Use of primitive/local tools
• Poor housing facilities for rearing animals
• Peasant farmers are involved
• Doer not require improved processing facilities
• Does not involve any marketing Uses crude storage facilities
• Yield per unit area is low
• Food crops are produced
• Small area of land is cultivated
• Use of inorganic fertilizers is limited

Commercial Agriculture

• Production is mainly for sale
• Huge amount of capital is required
• Skilled/hired labour is employed
• Use of exotic/improved breeds of animals
• Use of improved crop varieties
• Mostly use agro-chemicals
• Records are kept Mechanized/use of machines
• Modern housing facilities for rearing animals
• Farmers involved may be rich
• Requires improved processing facilities
• Requires organised market Uses modern storage facilities
• Yield per unit area is high
• Cash crops are produced
• Large area of land may be cultivated
• Frequent use of inorganic fertilizers

(b) Possible solutions to each of the following problems of agricultural development in West Africa

(i) Inadequate land:

- Leasehold land tenure system should be encouraged to enable farmers to acquire land for temporary use

- Land rates/rents should be reduced especially for agricultural purposes

- Government laws on land use should be made favourable to enable farmers acquire land easily

- Farmers should form co-operative societies to enable them pull their resources together to acquire large hectares of land for cultivation

- Farm settlements should be established to facilitate acquisition of land by farmers

- Creation of land banks

(ii)Inadequate finance;

- Agricultural banks should be established by the government to provide loans to farmers with minimum collateral

- Farmers should form co-operative societies to enable them access credit facilities

- Subsidies should be given to farmers by government/other agencies

- Agricultural insurance scheme/policies should be made available to farmers

- Commercial banks should be encouraged to give loans to farmers at low interest rates

-Grants should be given to farmers either in cash or in kind

(iii) Incidence of diseases

- Diseases resistant varieties of crops and breeds of animals should be developed for farmers by government and research institutes

- Plant protection chemicals and livestock drugs should be provided for farmers b government non-governmental agencies

- Vaccines should be produced locally to prevent livestock diseases

- Veterinary services should be provided to livestock farmers

- Extension workers should assist farmers in the detection and control of crop and animal diseases

- Cultural measures/practices used in controlling abiotic components of the environment crop diseases should be embraced by farmers

(c) Definition of Agricultural Ecology It is study of the relationships and interactions between crops and animals and their biotic and abiotic components of the environment

(d)(i) Sources of pollution of agricultural lands and fish ponds

Oil spillage, Improper sewage disposal, Improper livestock waste disposal, Excessive application of pesticides, Excessive application of fertilizers, Excessive application of herbicides, Improper dumping of toxic wastes, Improper disposal of industrial waste/effluent

Correct Answer: C. between developed and developing countries

Correct Answer: A. Did they go Abuja by road?

Correct Answer: A. Zanzibar

Correct Answer: D) are not produced in specific glands

Explanation

Hormones are chemical substances produced by specific glands in the body that are circulated by blood and lymph. They have a specific effect on target organs in the body, and they complement nervous co-ordination. However, the correct answer to this question is Option D, which states that hormones are not produced in specific glands. This statement is not correct because hormones are indeed produced in specific glands in the body, such as the pituitary gland, thyroid gland, adrenal gland, and others. Therefore, Option D is the incorrect statement. It is important to note that hormones play a vital role in regulating various bodily functions, including growth, metabolism, reproduction, and mood. They work together with the nervous system to maintain homeostasis, which is the balance of internal conditions in the body. Hormonal imbalances can lead to various health problems, such as diabetes, thyroid disorders, and hormonal cancers. Therefore, it is important to maintain a healthy lifestyle and seek medical attention if any hormonal issues arise. In summary, the correct answer to this Biology question is Option D, which is the statement that hormones are not produced in specific glands. Hormones are indeed produced in specific glands in the body and play a crucial role in regulating various bodily functions.

Explanation

(a) Title: Proportional circles of volumes of Rail 12.5cm Passenger Traffic Generated by five Nigerian cities 1973. Radius of Circles: Let 5m be represented by 1cm.

(i) Enugu is represented by 3/5 cm = 0.6cm radius

(ii) Maiduguri is represented by 25 cm = 0.5cm

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(iii) Port Harcourt is represented by 1.5 cm = 0.3cm

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(iv) Minna is represented 1 cm = 0.2cm

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(v) Ibadan is represented by 5 cm = 1 cm

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TITLE: Proportional circles of volume of Rail Passenger Traffic Generated by 5 Nigerian cities in 1973.

(b) Advantages of proportional symbols:

(i) Symbols can provide quantitative as well as locational information.

(ii) Symbols may be divided proportionally to give further information.

(iii) Give vivid visual impression of distribution on pattern.

(iv)A wide variety of symbols may be used to illustrate data.